ArticleArchives of plastic surgery2022
Three-dimensional analysis of dermal backflow in cancer-related lymphedema using photoacoustic lymphangiography.
Article in Archives of plastic surgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomaterials in the clinical treatment of lymphedema-a systematic review.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2024Pooled it
- [Research progress on the application of ultrasound technology in the diagnosis and treatment of lymphedema].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2026Review
- Lymphatic‑specific magnetic resonance lymphangiography biomarkers for grading lymphedema in animal models.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Experimental evaluation of dermal lymphatics in preservation of lymphatic function.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Cutaneous lymphatics and skin diseases: mechanisms, imaging modalities, and future therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Current diagnostic and quantitative techniques in the field of lymphedema management: a critical review.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- The value of the dermal rim sign on nonenhanced magnetic resonance imaging for predicting dermal backflow in patients with primary lower extremity lymphedema.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2024Article
- TowardsFundamental research · 2024Review
- LED-based photoacoustic imaging for preoperative visualization of lymphatic vessels in patients with secondary limb lymphedema.Photoacoustics · 2023Article
- Imaging peripheral lymphatic dysfunction in chronic conditions.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDermal backflow (DBF), which refers to lymphatic reflux due to lymphatic valve insufficiency, is a diagnostic finding in lymphedema. However, the three-dimensional structure of DBF remains unknown. Photoacoustic lymphangiography (PAL) is a new technique that enables the visualization of the distribution of light-absorbing molecules, such as hemoglobin or indocyanine green (ICG), and can provide three-dimensional images of superficial lymphatic vessels and the venous system. This study reports the use of PAL to visualize DBF structures in the extremities of patients with lymphedema after cancer surgery.
methodsPatients with a clinical or lymphographic diagnosis of lymphedema who previously underwent surgery for cancer at one of two participating hospitals were included in this study. PAL was performed using the PAI-05 system. ICG was administered subcutaneously in the affected hand or foot, and ICG fluorescence lymphography was performed using a nearinfrared camera system prior to PAL.
resultsBetween April 2018 and January 2019, 21 patients were enrolled and examined using PAL. The DBF was composed of dense, interconnecting, three-dimensional lymphatic vessels. It was classified into three patterns according to the composition of the lymphatic vessels: a linear structure of lymphatic collectors (pattern 1), a network of lymphatic capillaries and lymphatic collectors in an underlying layer (pattern 2), and lymphatic capillaries and precollectors with no lymphatic collectors (pattern 3).
conclusionsPAL showed the structure of DBF more precisely than ICG fluorescence lymphography. The use of PAL to visualize DBF assists in understanding the pathophysiology and assessing the severity of cancer-related lymphedema.
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