Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35084265›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53

Engagement Barriers to Behavior Therapy for Adolescent ADHD.

Margaret H Sibley, Kara Link, Gissell Torres Antunez, Lydia Greenwood

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults: evidence base, uncertainties and controversies.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Exploring the Intersection of ADHD and Music: A Systematic Review.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. ADHD Prevalence Rose, Yet Disparities Remain: Commentary on the 2022 National Survey of Children's Health.Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53
    Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Margaret H SibleyUniversity of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute.
Kara LinkUniversity of Washington Department of Psychology, Seattle Children's Research Institute.
Gissell Torres AntunezUniversity of Washington Department of Psychology, Seattle Children's Research Institute.
Lydia GreenwoodUniversity of Washington Department of Psychology, Seattle Children's Research Institute.
University of Washington · USSeattle Children's Hospital · US

Funding

Increasing Academic Success in Middle School Students with ADHDR34MH092466 · NIMH · FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY · PI PELHAM, WILLIAM E, SIBLEY, MARGARET HARPER · 2012 to 2014
$636k
Mechanisms of Skill Uptake and Maintenance in Psychosocial Treatment for Adolescent ADHDR21MH116499 · NIMH · SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI SIBLEY, MARGARET HARPER · 2018 to 2019
$413k
NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH116499NIMH NIH HHS R34 MH092466
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo identify barriers to behavior therapy for adolescent ADHD (Supporting Teens' Autonomy Daily; STAND) and understand the relationship between barriers and treatment engagement.

methodA mixed-method design with qualitative coding of 822 audio-recorded therapy sessions attended by 121 adolescents with ADHD (ages 11-16; 72.7% male, 77.7% Latinx, 7.4% African-American, 11.6% White, non-Latinx) and parents. Grounded theory methodology identified barriers articulated by parents and adolescents in session. Barriers were sorted by subtype (cognitive/attitudinal, behavioral, logistical) and subject (parent, teen, dyad). Frequency and variety of barriers were calculated by treatment phase (engagement, skills, planning). Generalized linear models and generalized estimating equations examined between-phase differences in frequency of each barrier and relationships between barriers frequency, subtype, subject, and phase on engagement (attendance and homework completion).

resultsCoding revealed twenty-five engagement barriers (ten cognitive/attitudinal, eleven behavioral, four logistical). Common barriers were: low adolescent desire (72.5%), parent failure to monitor skill application (69.4%), adolescent forgetfulness (60.3%), and adolescent belief that no change is needed (56.2%). Barriers were most commonly cognitive/attitudinal, teen-related, and occurring in STAND's planning phase. Poorer engagement was associated with cognitive/attitudinal, engagement phase, and dyadic barriers. Higher engagement in treatment was predicted by more frequent behavioral, logistical, parent, and skills/planning phase barriers.

conclusionsBaseline assessment of barriers may promote individualized engagement strategies for adolescent ADHD treatment. Cognitive/attitudinal barriers should be targeted at treatment outset using evidence-based engagement strategies (e.g., Motivational Interviewing). Behavioral and logistical barriers should be addressed when planning and reviewing application of skills.

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityMotivational InterviewingAdolescentBehavior TherapyFemaleHumansMaleParents

Identifiers

PMID35084265
PMCPMC9325914
OpenAlexW4210252291

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.