ArticleThe Gerontologist2022
Superwoman Schema, Racial Identity, and Cellular Aging Among African American Women.
Article in The Gerontologist, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Superwoman Schema Endorsement and its Association to Perceived Stress During Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes among Non-Hispanic Black American Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Can Mindfulness-Based Interventions Be Used to Treat PTSD-derived GI Disruptions in Black Women? A Review of Current Literature.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
- Article
- Superwoman schema and metabolic syndrome in Black adolescent girls.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Skin-deep resilience in the Black women's experiences living with lupus study.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025Article
- Associations Between the Superwoman Schema, Stress, and Cardiovascular Health Among African-American Women.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2024Article
- Central Hemodynamics in African American Women: Examining the Role of Superwoman Schema Endorsement.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Compounding effects of stress on diet, physical activity, and wellbeing among African American parents: a qualitative study to inform the LEADS health promotion trial.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2024Article
- Superwoman Schema and self-rated health in black women: Is socioeconomic status a moderator?Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Peripheral and Cerebral Vasodilation in Black and White Women: Examining the Impact of Psychosocial Stress Exposure Versus Internalization and Coping.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2023Article
- "No Complaining, No Crying": A Qualitative Study of the Strong Black Woman Schema in the Breast Cancer Context.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2023Article
- Intersectionality in Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of Female Sex and Black American Race in the Development and Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023Review
- Ethnic Identity in Arab Americans: Gender, Religious Upbringing, and Age Differences.Social identities · 2022Article
- A Community-Centered and Antiracist Model of Whole-Person Perinatal Care: Beloved Birth Black Centering.Journal of midwifery & women's healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesAfrican American women experience faster telomere shortening (i.e., cellular aging) compared with other racial-gender groups. Prior research demonstrates that race and gender interact to influence culturally specific norms for responding to socially-relevant stress and other stress-coping processes, which may affect healthy aging. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsData are from African American Women's Heart & Health Study participants who consented to DNA extraction (n = 140). Superwoman Schema (SWS) was measured using 5 validated subscales: presenting strength, emotion suppression, resisting vulnerability, motivation to succeed, and obligation to help others. Racial identity was measured using 3 subscales from the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity: racial centrality, private regard, and public regard. Relative telomere length (rTL) was measured using DNA extracted from blood samples. Path analysis tested associations and interactions between SWS and racial identity dimensions with rTL.
resultsFor SWS, higher resistance to being vulnerable predicted longer telomeres. For racial identity, high private regard predicted longer telomeres while high public regard predicted shorter telomeres. Interactions were found between public regard and 2 SWS dimensions: among women with high public regard, emotion suppression (β = 0.20, p < .05) and motivation to succeed (β = 0.18, p < .05) were associated with longer rTL. The interaction between high centrality and emotion suppression predicted shorter rTL (β = -0.17, p < .05). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Culturally specific responses to gendered racism and racial identity, developed early in life and shaped over the life course, are important psychosocial determinants of cellular aging among African American women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.