ArticleScientific reports2022
COVID-19 reinfections among naturally infected and vaccinated individuals.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protective effectiveness of previous infection against subsequent SARS-Cov-2 infection: systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Risk Factors Contributing to Reinfection by SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Incidence and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in the pre-Omicron era: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2023Pooled it
- Global prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 reinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection and Severity of the Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Viruses · 2023Pooled it
- Baseline cohort profile: clinical and molecular characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients recruited into a longitudinal COVID-19 cohort study (COVGEN) in Malaysia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Workflow‑Based Information Management Framework for Multicenter Research Studies: Design and Development.Online journal of public health informatics · 2026Article
- Review
- Epidemiological features and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection: a retrospective cohort analysis in Xiamen, China.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Phosphate as an Immune System Enhancer Along with Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection: An Open-Label, Randomized Pilot Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Studying Disease Reinfection Rates, Vaccine Efficacy, and the Timing of Vaccine Rollout in the Context of Infectious Diseases: A COVID-19 Case Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Next generation sequencing of multiple SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Omicron Era.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Role of COVID-19 infection status on the prediction of future infection: Immunity or susceptibility.PloS one · 2025Article
- Safety and efficiency of COVID-19 vaccine in North Africa.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Estimation of outpatient SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and recurrence rates and associated factors among COVID-19 hospitalized patients over one-year old: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Insights from an N3C RECOVER EHR-based cohort study characterizing SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and Long COVID.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Deep learning reveals lung shape differences on baseline chest CT between mild and severe COVID-19: A multi-site retrospective study.Computers in biology and medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Personal characteristics and transmission dynamics associated with SARS-CoV-2 semi-quantitative PCR test results: an observational study from Belgium, 2021-2022.Frontiers in public health · 2024Observational
- Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The protection against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants by pre-existing antibodies elicited due to the current vaccination or natural infection is a global concern. We aimed to investigate the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its clinical features among infection-naïve, infected, vaccinated, and post-infection-vaccinated individuals. A cohort was designed among icddr,b staff registered for COVID-19 testing by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Reinfection cases were confirmed by whole-genome sequencing. From 19 March 2020 to 31 March 2021, 1644 (mean age, 38.4 years and 57% male) participants were enrolled; where 1080 (65.7%) were tested negative and added to the negative cohort. The positive cohort included 750 positive patients (564 from baseline and 186 from negative cohort follow-up), of whom 27.6% were hospitalized and 2.5% died. Among hospitalized patients, 45.9% had severe to critical disease and 42.5% required oxygen support. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were found significantly higher among the hospitalised patients compared to out-patients; risk ratio 1.3 and 1.6 respectively. The risk of infection among positive cohort was 80.2% lower than negative cohort (95% CI 72.6-85.7%; p < 0.001). Genome sequences showed that genetically distinct SARS-CoV-2 strains were responsible for reinfections. Naturally infected populations were less likely to be reinfected by SARS-CoV-2 than the infection-naïve and vaccinated individuals. Although, reinfected individuals did not suffer severe disease, a remarkable proportion of naturally infected or vaccinated individuals were (re)-infected by the emerging variants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.