ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2022
Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease in US Adults With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist treatment reduces body weight and improves glycaemic outcomes in patients with concurrent overweight/obesity and type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Dietary Patterns for Weight and Glycemic Management in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Mediterranean diet as a strategy for preserving kidney function in patients with coronary heart disease with type 2 diabetes and obesity: a secondary analysis of CORDIOPREV randomized controlled trial.Nutrition & diabetes · 2024Trial
- Associations of Dietary Intake with the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- Weight management in young adults with type 1 diabetes: The advancing care for type 1 diabetes and obesity network sequential multiple assignment randomized trial pilot results.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Trial
- Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet in adults with type 1 diabetes management: A single arm non-randomised clinical trial.PloS one · 2023Trial
- Article
- Nonlinear association between serum insulin, visceral fat area, and kidney function in female with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Addressing unmet needs for chronic kidney disease treatment in type 1 diabetes: A review.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Exercise-mediated amelioration of high-fat diet-induced kidney injury: implications of microRNA regulation.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Trends in baseline HbA1c and body-mass index in randomised trials of people with type 1 diabetes from 1993 to 2025: an IMI2 SOPHIA systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Incretin-Based Adjunct to Background Insulin Treatment for Managing Body Weight Excess in Type 1 Diabetes: An Expert Opinion Viewpoint From the Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2025Review
- Trends and Disparities in Technology Use and Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Type 1 diabetes presenting in adults: Trends, diagnostic challenges and unique features.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Trends in obesity and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist prescriptions in type 1 diabetes in the United States.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential of the Second-Generation Incretin Analogs Semaglutide and Tirzepatide in Type 1 Diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Managing obesity in adults with type 1 diabetes.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2025Review
- Epidemiological trends and risk factors of CKD-T1DM in children and adolescents across 204 countries and territories (1990-2021).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Association between the weight-adjusted waist index and age-related macular degeneration in US adults aged≥40 years: the NHANES 2005-2008.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Technology use and health behavior among patients with diabetes: do underlying motives for technology adoption matter?Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveObesity is a global public health challenge and strongly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but its burden and effects are not well understood in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Particularly, the link between obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in T1D is poorly characterized. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe included all T1D and, for comparison, T2D in the Geisinger Health System from 2004 to 2018. We evaluated trends in obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2), low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (≤60 mL/min/1.73m2), and albuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/g). We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate the independent association of obesity with CKD in 2018.
resultsPeople with T1D were younger than T2D (median age 39 vs 62 years). Obesity increased in T1D over time (32.6% in 2004 to 36.8% in 2018), while obesity in T2D was stable at ~60%. The crude prevalence of low eGFR was higher in T2D than in T1D in all years (eg, 30.6% vs 16.1% in 2018), but after adjusting for age differences, prevalence was higher in T1D than T2D in all years (eg, 16.2% vs 9.3% in 2018). Obesity was associated with increased odds of low eGFR in T1D [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.52, 95% CI 1.12-2.08] and T2D (AOR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.23-1.35).
conclusionsObesity is increasing in people with T1D and is associated with increased risk of CKD. After accounting for age, the burden of CKD in T1D exceeded the burden in T2D, suggesting the need for increased vigilance and assessment of kidney-protective medications in T1D.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.