ArticleATS scholar2021
Virtual, Augmented, and Alternate Reality in Medical Education: Socially Distanced but Fully Immersed.
Article in ATS scholar, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Digital Strategies Utilised to Encourage Undergraduate Nursing Students' Engagement in Online Units of Study Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.Nursing open · 2026Pooled it
- The use of virtual reality and haptics in the training of students in restorative dentistry procedures: a systematic review.Korean journal of medical education · 2025Pooled it
- Virtual and augmented reality in biomedical engineering.Biomedical engineering online · 2023Pooled it
- Computerized Simulation Education on Physiotherapy Students' Skills and Knowledge: A Systematic Review.BioMed research international · 2022Pooled it
- Remote Augmented Reality Versus Traditional Simulation for Team Leader Assessment in a Cardiac Arrest Scenario: Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR medical education · 2026Trial
- Evaluating Whether Nonimmersion Virtual Reality Simulation Training Improves Nursing Competency in Isolation Wards: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Single-Layer Full-Color Waveguide Display Based on a Broadband Efficient Meta-Grating.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The integration of haptic training into the QMUL dental curriculum.European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe · 2025Article
- A comprehensive perspective of the innovation and reflection on virtual reality in the teaching and learning of anesthesiology.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Extended Reality-A Narrative Review of Current State and Best Use in Health Care Simulation.Journal of medical extended reality · 2025Review
- The impact of surgical simulation and training technologies on general surgery education.BMC medical education · 2024Review
- Exploring Augmented Reality Integration in Diagnostic Imaging: Myth or Reality?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Virtual Simulations to Enhance Medical Student Exposure to Management of Critically Ill Patients.ATS scholar · 2024Article
- Redefining the Role of Medical Affairs Professionals as Innovators and Leaders in Industry-Led Medical Education.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2024Article
- Education Research: Qualitative Assessment of Virtual Teaching of the Neurological Examination to Students Reveals Importance of Technique, Process, and Documentation.Neurology. Education · 2023Article
- Comparison of accuracy between augmented reality/mixed reality techniques and conventional techniques for epidural anesthesia using a practice phantom model kit.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Article
- Emergency care in India beyond 75 years of independence - problems and solutions.Journal of global health · 2023Article
- Perceptions About Augmented Reality in Remote Medical Care: Interview Study of Emergency Telemedicine Providers.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Introduction to Metaverse: Future of Surgical and Cosmetic Dermatology.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2023Article
- Perspectives of Motor Functional Upper Extremity Recovery with the Use of Immersive Virtual Reality in Stroke Patients.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdvancements in technology continue to transform the landscape of medical education. The need for technology-enhanced distance learning has been further accelerated by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The relatively recent emergence of virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and alternate reality has expanded the possible applications of simulation-based education (SBE) outside of the traditional simulation laboratory, making SBE accessible asynchronously and in geographically diverse locations.
objectiveIn this review, we will explore the evidence base for use of emerging technologies in SBE as well as the strengths and limitations of each modality in a variety of settings.
methodsPubMed was searched for peer-reviewed articles published between 1995 and 2021 that focused on VR in medical education. The search terms included medical education, VR, simulation, AR, and alternate reality. We also searched reference lists from selected articles to identify additional relevant studies.
resultsVR simulations have been used successfully in resuscitation, communication, and bronchoscopy training. In contrast, AR has demonstrated utility in teaching anatomical correlates with the use of diagnostic imaging, such as point-of-care ultrasound. Alternate reality has been used as a tool for developing clinical reasoning skills, longitudinal patient panel management, and crisis resource management via multiplayer platforms.
conclusionAlthough each of these modalities has a variety of educational applications in health profession education, there are benefits and limitations to each that are important to recognize prior to the design and implementation of educational content, including differences in equipment requirements, cost, and scalability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.