ArticleBMJ open2022
Impact of COVID-19 restrictions on behavioural and psychological symptoms in home-dwelling people with dementia: a prospective cohort study (PAN.DEM).
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04043364 (LIVE@Home.Path), which is not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
LIVE@Home.Path: a Mixed Method, Stepped Wedge and Randomized Controlled Trial Innovating the Clinical Pathway for Home-dwelling Persons With Dementia and Their Families
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of social isolation from COVID-19-related public health measures on cognitive function and mental health among older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Ageing research reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Family physician and specialist care for persons with dementia living in the community: through thick and thin.Family practice · 2025Article
- Impact of dementia on risks of COVID-19 infection and outcomes among older adults in Sweden.BMC geriatrics · 2025Observational
- Impact of dementia on outcomes in older patients with COVID-19: A nationwide inpatient sample analysis.Australasian journal on ageing · 2025Article
- Management and Care for People Living With Dementia and Their Caregivers: Findings From an Italian National Survey on Caregivers and Services Use.Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society · 2025Article
- The story of pain in people with dementia: a rationale for digital measures.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Updates and future perspectives on neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- A longitudinal cohort study on dispensed analgesic and psychotropic medications in older adults before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: the HUNT study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Observational
- The Worst of Times: Depressive Symptoms Among Racialized Groups Living With Dementia and Cognitive Impairment During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of aging and health · 2024Article
- Patterns of psychotropic drug prescriptions and general practice consultations among community-dwelling older people with dementia during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Technology-Enabled Recreation and Leisure Programs and Activities for Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Rapid Scoping Review.JMIR neurotechnology · 2024Review
- Feedback System Analysis of a Multicomponent Intervention on Dyads of Home-Dwelling Persons With Dementia and Their Caregivers: Results From the LIVE@Home.Path Trial.Innovation in aging · 2024Article
- Self-Reported Cognitive Aging and Well-Being among Older Middle Eastern/Arab American Immigrants during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Contextual Factors Associated with Abuse of Home-Dwelling Persons with Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study of Informal Caregivers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Dementia and psychotropic medications are associated with significantly higher mortality in geriatric patients hospitalized with COVID-19: data from the StockholmGeroCovid project.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Observational
- Abusive episodes among home-dwelling persons with dementia and their informal caregivers: a cross-sectional Norwegian study.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trial Research Adaptation Following COVID-19 Pandemic Onset: National Sample of Alzheimer's Clinical Trial Consortium Sites.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2022Article
- A text message intervention to support latino dementia family caregivers (CuidaTEXT): feasibility study.Clinical gerontologistArticle
- Association between the coronavirus disease pandemic and antipsychotic drug prescriptions among patients with dementia.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reportsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD).
designProspective cohort study (PAN.DEM) nested within the halted parent trial (LIVE@Home.Path).
settingHouseholds in Norway immediate before and 6-9 weeks into the COVID-19 restrictions.
participants104 dyads (persons with mild to moderate dementia aged ≥65 and their informal carers) completed both prepandemic and pandemic assessments, among 237 in the parent trial. Mini-Mental Status Examination score 15-26 or Functional Assessment Staging score 3-7 covered dementia severity.
main outcome measuresNeuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-12) total (range 0-144), psychosis (range 0-24), hyperactive behaviour (range 0-60) and mood subsyndrome (range 0-48) scores; Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) total score (range 0-38).
resultsWe found an overall increase in BPSD by NPI-12 total score comparing prepandemic to pandemic levels (median 16 IQR (4.5-29) to 20 (7-32.5), p=0.03) over a mean of 86 days (SD 19). NPI-12 total score worsened in 57 (55%) of people with dementia and was associated with postponed or averted contacts with healthcare professionals (logistic regression, OR 3.96, 95% CI 1.05 to 14.95). Psychosis subsyndrome levels increased (0 (0-3) to 0.5 (0-6), p=0.01) in 37 (36%) persons; this worsening was associated with partial insight (9.57, 1.14 to 80.71) and reduced informal carer contact (4.45, 1.01 to 19.71). Moreover, depressive symptoms increased as assessed by CSDD total score (5 (3-9) to 7 (4-12), p=0.01) and worsened for 56 (54%), which was inversely associated with psychotropic drugs on-demand (0.16, 0.03 to 0.75).
conclusionsBPSD worsened during the first months of the COVID-19 restrictions, most pronounced for psychosis and depression. These BPSD exacerbations have implications for pandemic policies, emphasising that restrictions must balance COVID-19 morbidity and mortality against dementia deterioration. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04043364; Results.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.