SynthesisPreventive medicine2022
Causal effects of cannabis legalization on parents, parenting, and children: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Preventive medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Change of substance-related hospitalisation in adolescents after cannabis legalisation in Thailand in 2022.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Trends in cannabis use and cannabis use disorder among parents in the U.S., 2012-2024.Addictive behaviors · 2026Article
- Perceptions and behaviours surrounding cannabis use during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and early parenting in Canada: a qualitative study.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Cannabis and Tobacco Product Use Classes and Psychosocial Correlates Among US Young Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Oregon Adults' Cannabis and Alcohol Use: Associations With Local Cannabis Retail Access, 2014-2022.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Cannabis Use and Food Insecurity Risk Among U.S. Adults With And Without Children.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Suicide Mortality Among Youth Aged 12-25 Years Following Medical and Recreational Cannabis Legalization in the U.S.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Mothers and fathers who use medical cannabis: A comparison of sociodemographic characteristics, cannabis use, and health.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- Differences in Cannabis and Cannabidiol Attitudes, Perceptions, and Behaviors Between US Adolescents Receiving Mood Disorder Treatment and Their Parents Across Legal Contexts.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Cannabis Use in Adolescents.Delaware journal of public health · 2025Article
- Cannabis use characteristics and associations with problematic use outcomes, quitting-related factors, and mental health among US young adults.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Article
- Acute cannabis intoxication among the paediatric population.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Review
- Exposure to Cannabis in Social Networks and Advertising in Relation to Cannabis-Related Perceptions, Motives, and Use Behaviors Among Young Adults in the US.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Association Between Prenatal Cannabis Use and Risk of Developmental Delay.JAACAP open · 2024Article
- Cannabis Use During Early Pregnancy Following Recreational Cannabis Legalization.JAMA health forum · 2024Article
- Clinician perspectives on adolescent cannabis-related beliefs and behaviors following recreational cannabis legalization.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- State cannabis laws and cannabis positivity among fatally injured drivers.Injury epidemiology · 2024Article
- Association Between Marijuana Laws and Suicide Among 12- to 25-Year-Olds in the United States From 2000 to 2019.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2024Article
- Is legal recreational cannabis associated with cannabis use during pregnancy, beliefs about safety, and perceived community stigma?Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Medical and recreational cannabis legalization lead to increased cannabis use among adults. There is concern that legalization has negative implications for minors via effects on parents. We conducted a systematic review of studies examining legalization in the United States. Web of Science, PsycInfo, and PubMed were searched through May 2021, studies examining effects of legalization on maternal cannabis and other substance use during pregnancy and postpartum, perinatal outcomes, parental cannabis and other substance use and attitudes, parenting, and child outcomes were identified, and two independent reviewers extracted information on study designs, samples, and outcomes, and assessed classification of evidence and risk of bias. Forty-one studies met inclusion criteria; only 6 (15%) used the most causally informative study design (difference in differences). It is likely legalization increases maternal cannabis use during pregnancy and postpartum, parental cannabis use, and approval of adult cannabis use. Legalization may increase some adverse perinatal outcomes, though findings were inconsistent. It is likely legalization increases unintentional pediatric cannabis exposure. There is insufficient evidence for effects of legalization on child abuse and neglect, and there have been no studies examining effects of legalization on other aspects of parenting or on child adjustment. There is a critical lack of causally informative epidemiological studies examining effects of legalization on parenting and young children. Additional causally informative research is needed. Studies of parental cannabis use in a legal context are particularly needed. Commonsense guidelines must recognize the shifting national landscape around legalization while seeking to minimize potential harm to minors.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.