ArticleDental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials2022
Three-dimensional printing of clinical scale and personalized calcium phosphate scaffolds for alveolar bone reconstruction.
Article in Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bone Regeneration with Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Scaffolds: Systematic Review of Human Clinical Trials.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2024Pooled it
- Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Reconstructive Plastic Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.Cells · 2026Review
- Emerging, personalized, and minimally invasive technologies for periodontal and peri-implant soft and hard tissue regenerative therapy.Journal of periodontology · 2026Review
- Three-Dimensional Printing and Personalized Bioceramic Scaffolds for Dental and Maxillofacial Applications: A Narrative Review.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Calcium Phosphate Nanostructured Biocomposites with Applications in Bone Tissue Engineering.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Additive manufacturing for Dentistry: A comprehensive review of techniques and applications.Progress in materials science · 2026Article
- Biodegradable and osteoconductive sodium alginate-gelatin/amorphous magnesium phosphate 3D-printed scaffolds for craniofacial bone regeneration.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2026Article
- Harnessing and Optimizing α-TCP for Oral Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Dentistry.International dental journal · 2026Review
- Biofabrication for complex tissue regeneration: a scoping review of translational gaps in craniomaxillofacial reconstruction.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- Functional personalization in digital manufacturing: a translational framework for patient-specific implants, arthroscopic locators, and therapeutic constructs.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Biomaterial strategies for precision regeneration of the tooth extraction socket: integrating site phenotype, pathological microenvironment, and healing sequence.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Advances in 3D Printed Scaffolds for Periodontal Regeneration.Current oral health reports · 2026Review
- Biofabrication - Revolutionizing the future of regenerative periodontics.Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials · 2025Review
- Urine-derived stem cells: a sustainable resource for advancing personalized medicine and dental regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Composite PCL Scaffold With 70% β-TCP as Suitable Structure for Bone Replacement.International dental journal · 2024Article
- Personalized bioceramic grafts for craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration.International journal of oral science · 2024Review
- Scaffold Application for Bone Regeneration with Stem Cells in Dentistry: Literature Review.Cells · 2024Review
- The Role of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Periodontology: From 3D Models of Periodontal Defects to 3D-Printed Scaffolds.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials for 3D Bioprinting in Bone Tissue Engineering.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The 3-dimensional printing for dental tissue regeneration: the state of the art and future challenges.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAlveolar bone defects can be highly variable in their morphology and, as the defect size increases, they become more challenging to treat with currently available therapeutics and biomaterials. This investigation sought to devise a protocol for fabricating customized clinical scale and patient-specific, bioceramic scaffolds for reconstruction of large alveolar bone defects.
methodsTwo types of calcium phosphate (CaP)-based bioceramic scaffolds (alginate/β-TCP and hydroxyapatite/α-TCP, hereafter referred to as hybrid CaP and Osteoink™, respectively) were designed, 3D printed, and their biocompatibility with alveolar bone marrow stem cells and mechanical properties were determined. Following scaffold optimization, a workflow was developed to use cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging to design and 3D print, defect-specific bioceramic scaffolds for clinical-scale bone defects.
resultsOsteoink™ scaffolds had the highest compressive strength when compared to hybrid CaP with different infill orientation. In cell culture medium, hybrid CaP degradation resulted in decreased pH (6.3) and toxicity to stem cells; however, OsteoInk™ scaffolds maintained a stable pH (7.2) in culture and passed the ISO standard for cytotoxicity. Finally, a clinically feasible laboratory workflow was developed and evaluated using CBCT imaging to engineer customized and defect-specific CaP scaffolds using OsteoInk™. It was determined that printed scaffolds had a high degree of accuracy to fit the respective clinical defects for which they were designed (0.27 mm morphological deviation of printed scaffolds from digital design). SIGNIFICANCE: From patient to patient, large alveolar bone defects are difficult to treat due to high variability in their complex morphologies and architecture. Our findings shows that Osteoink™ is a biocompatible material for 3D printing of clinically acceptable, patient-specific scaffolds with precision-fit for use in alveolar bone reconstructive procedures. Collectively, emerging digital technologies including CBCT imaging, 3D surgical planning, and (bio)printing can be integrated to address this unmet clinical challenge.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.