ReviewFrontiers in oncology2021
Engineering Macrophages
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages as key orchestrators of gastric cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Engineering macrophages for cancer immunotherapy: emerging insights and therapeutic potential.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Review
- Immune cell-based therapies for solid tumors, current challenges and therapeutic advances.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Beyond the Walls of Troy: A Scoping Review on Pharmacological Strategies to Enhance Drug Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Tumor Barrier.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Advancing CAR-based cell therapies for solid tumours: challenges, therapeutic strategies, and perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Bacterial-Mediated In Situ Engineering of Tumour-Associated Macrophages for Cancer Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- Macrophage Responses to Multicore Encapsulated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Properties of M2 Macrophages in Chronic Wounds: An Innovative Area of Biomaterial-Assisted M2 Macrophage Targeted Therapy.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Review
- Rational nanoparticle design: Optimization using insights from experiments and mathematical models.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages: Prognostic and therapeutic targets for cancer in humans and dogs.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Surface-Engineered Monocyte Immunotherapy Combined Graphene Quantum Dots Effective Against Solid Tumor Targets.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
- The Progress and Prospects of Immune Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer.Cell transplantationReview
- Advancing Medical Applications of Cancer Nanotechnology: Highlighting Two Decades of the NCI'S Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory Service to the Research Community.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophages play critical roles in tumor progression. In the tumor microenvironment, macrophages display highly diverse phenotypes and may perform antitumorigenic or protumorigenic functions in a context-dependent manner. Recent studies have shown that macrophages can be engineered to transport drug nanoparticles (NPs) to tumor sites in a targeted manner, thereby exerting significant anticancer effects. In addition, macrophages engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) were shown to actively migrate to tumor sites and eliminate tumor cells through phagocytosis. Importantly, after reaching tumor sites, these engineered macrophages can significantly change the otherwise immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment and thereby enhance T cell-mediated anticancer immune responses. In this review, we first introduce the multifaceted activities of macrophages and the principles of nanotechnology in cancer therapy and then elaborate on macrophage engineering
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.