ArticleTranslational pediatrics2021
The risk factors for children with primary nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in Translational pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical value of miR-551b-5p in children with primary nephrotic syndrome and its regulatory role in disease progression.Hereditas · 2026Article
- Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and phase angle to verify early hydration status and prognosis in hospitalized children with nephrotic syndrome: an exploratory case series.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Clinical analysis of sirolimus therapy in children with refractory nephrotic syndrome.Renal failure · 2024Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome aged 2-18 years in the northwest and east Amhara region, Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional retrospective study.BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo evaluate the risk factors of primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) with urinary tract infection (UTI) in children.
methodsMultiple databases including PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Web of Science (WOS), the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were used to search for relevant studies, which were full-text articles involved in the evaluation of differences between PNS with UTI and without UTI. All included articles were assessed for quality and the data analyses were conducted with Review Manager (5.4). Forest plots, sensitivity analysis, and bias analysis were also performed on the included articles.
resultsEight studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 3,274 patients. Meta-analysis showed that a low level of serum albumin [mean difference (MD): -0.32 g/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI): (-0.55, -0.08); P=0.008], a low level of serum total protein [MD: -0.16 g/dL; 95% CI: (-0.20, -0.12); P<0.00001], a high level of urinary protein [MD: 5.09 mg/d; 95% CI: (3.13, 7.05); P<0.00001], a lower level of serum urea nitrogen [MD: -0.10 mg/dL; 95% CI: (-0.18, -0.02); P=0.01], and a higher level of serum cholesterol [MD: 2.26 mg/dL; 95% CI: (0.74, 3.78)] had a higher risk of PNS with UTI. There was no obvious publication bias among included studies. DISCUSSION: Our research demonstrated that a low level of serum albumin, a low level of serum total protein, a high level of urinary protein, a low level of serum urea nitrogen, and a high level of serum cholesterol were the risk factors of PNS with UTI in children.
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