ArticleTranslational neuroscience2021
Leaky gut biomarkers in casein- and gluten-rich diet fed rat model of autism.
Article in Translational neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutritional Approaches in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review.Current nutrition reports · 2025Article
- The Role of Nutrition, Oxidative Stress, and Trace Elements in the Pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bee Pollen and Probiotics' Potential to Protect and Treat Intestinal Permeability in Propionic Acid-Induced Rodent Model of Autism.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Assessing Gluten-Free Soy Bread Quality and Amino Acid Content.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Probiotic Ameliorating Effects of Altered GABA/Glutamate Signaling in a Rodent Model of Autism.Metabolites · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is proposed that gluten- and casein-rich diets (GRD and CRD) can synergistically exacerbate dysbiosis as comorbidity in autism by worsening leaky gut that affects the brain through the gut-brain axis. In this study, 35 young male rats were divided into 7 groups, Group 1 serves as control; Group 2, clindamycin (CL)-treated; and Group 3, propionic acid (PPA)-induced rodent model of autism. These three groups were fed standard diet until the end of the experiment. Groups 4-7 are rats treated similarly with CL and PPA, then fed on CRD or GRD until the end of the experiment. Serum zonulin, glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxides, and gut microbial composition were measured in the seven studied groups. Data demonstrate the significant increase in serum zonulin as marker of leaky gut in the CL-treated groups fed on CRD or GRD. Lipid peroxides were significantly higher in the serum of GRD-fed rats compared to CRD-fed or normal diet-fed rats. GSH was much lower in CL-treated groups fed on CRD or GRD compared to PPA-treated rats fed on both diets. Both diets differentially affected the diversity of the gut microbiota. This study demonstrates that CRD and GRD exacerbates leaky gut, according to serum zonulin, which was used as marker for increased gut permeability.
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