ArticleActa Cardiologica Sinica2022
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cardiovascular Toxicities.
Article in Acta Cardiologica Sinica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiac adverse events associated with dual immune checkpoint inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance analysis from the FDA adverse event reporting system.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Article
- Prognostic risk factors and a survival prediction model for immune checkpoint inhibitor related myocarditis in patients with lung cancer: a multicenter study.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity: a scoping review.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Review
- Characteristics, Incidence, and Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Related Cardiovascular Adverse Events in Real-World Practice-A Retrospective Study in Chinese Han Population.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular adverse events and immune-related adverse events associated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Balancing Tumor Immunotherapy and Immune-Related Adverse Events: Unveiling the Key Regulators.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Immune checkpoints in cardiac physiology and pathology: therapeutic targets for heart failure.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- Adverse cardiovascular events and cardiac imaging findings in patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors.PloS one · 2024Article
- PD-1 inhibitors-associated myocarditis in non-small cell lung cancer patients.Journal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite the increasing prevalence of therapies utilizing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the associated cardiovascular complications have been poorly reported. Given the fatality of ICI-related complications, especially myocarditis, optimal risk stratification to predict major adverse cardio- and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) in patients receiving ICIs is mandatory.
methodsWe collected clinical data from patients receiving ICIs, and the primary outcomes were MACCEs, including myocarditis, heart failure, and ischemic stroke. Other systemic immune responses relating to ICIs were also recorded. The median follow-up duration was 3 years.
resultsAmong 580 patients, the incidence of MACCEs was 3.9%. Older patients, male patients, and patients with lung cancer, liver cirrhosis, or diabetes had higher risks of MACCEs. There was no significant difference between the use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors or CTLA inhibitors in terms of developing cardiovascular toxicities. The development of ICI-related MACCEs was associated with worse survival. Notably, after re-review by specialists, three patients eventually diagnosed with ICI-related myocarditis had not previously been identified. Only one was treated with pulse steroids, and none survived. The most common concomitant extracardiac immune-related adverse events were myositis/dermatitis, endocrine toxicity and hepatitis.
conclusionsCollectively, ICIs may lead to severe cardiovascular toxicities and require more attention. Early identification, proper diagnosis, and prompt treatment are pivotal for improving survival.
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