ReviewIndian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
Does Bacille Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Provides Protection against COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Review in Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Randomized Trial of BCG Vaccine to Protect against Covid-19 in Health Care Workers.The New England journal of medicine · 2023Trial
- Spurious early ecological association suggesting BCG vaccination effectiveness for COVID-19.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLower morbidity and mortality in few geographic locations on the globe suffering with SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with the existing or previously followed long-standing Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination policy among infants. However, does it hold true that today after years of BCG vaccination, few adults have better prognosis or is it just confounding due to differential disease burden, population density, testing facilities, or improper reporting. The purpose was to evaluate and correlate this effect systematically.
methodsDetailed electronic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov for eligible studies was performed.
resultsOne hundred and fourteen studies were yielded on search strategy and 28 observational studies were finally included for analysis. From our results, we can say that BCG vaccination causes a decrease in COVID-19 incidence and mortality. However, these results must be interpreted cautiously as lot of confounding factors were present in included studies, which can affect the outcome.
conclusionThe evidence of BCG vaccination for the protection against COVID-19 cannot be ruled out as evidence from many studies support the hypothesis, but the evidence of well-conducted RCTs and observational studies can strengthen the evidence. REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) database (CRD42020204466).
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.