ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2022
Diabetic Retinopathy Predicts Risk of Alzheimer's Disease: A Danish Registry-Based Nationwide Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between diabetes mellitus and risk of Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Diabetic retinopathy and the risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Relationship between retinal neurodysfunction and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes: results of the RECOGNISED cross-sectional study.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Role of NADPH Oxidases as Novel Therapeutic Targets for the Impaired Neurovascular Unit in the Early Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Type 1 diabetes is associated with higher plasma levels of biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A preliminary study of subcortical gray matter nucleus volumetric and morphological changes in diabetic retinopathy.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Diabetic retinopathy and Alzheimer's disease: Convergence of the unfolded protein response in neurodegeneration.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Causal Relationships Between Retinal Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders Have Implications for Precision Psychiatry.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Association between diabetic retinopathy and neurodegenerative diseases in the All of Us research program.AJO international · 2024Article
- Risk of Dementia Among Patients With Diabetes in a Multidisciplinary, Primary Care Management Program.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's disease as a causal risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Potential Retinal Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Five-Year Incidence of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Associated Risk Factors in a Nationwide Cohort of 201 945 Danish Patients with Diabetes.Ophthalmology science · 2023Article
- Diabetic retinopathy is a predictor of chronic respiratory failure: A nationwide register-based cohort study.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Diabetic Retinopathy and Dementia Association, Beyond Diabetes Severity.American journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Single-cell transcriptome profiling highlights the role of APP in blood vessels in assessing the risk of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy developing Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Age-Related Eye Diseases in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRetinal neurodegeneration is evident in early diabetic retinopathy (DR) which may be associated with other neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD).
objectiveTo investigate diabetes and DR as a risk marker of present and incident AD.
methodsA register-based cohort study was performed. We included 134,327 persons with diabetes above 60 years of age, who had attended DR screening, and 651,936 age- and gender-matched persons without diabetes.
resultsAt baseline, the prevalence of AD was 0.7% and 1.3% among patients with and without diabetes, respectively. In a multivariable regression model, patients with diabetes were less likely to have AD at baseline (adjusted OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.59-0.68). During follow-up, incident AD was registered for 1473 (0.35%) and 6,899 (0.34%) persons with and without diabetes, respectively. Compared to persons without diabetes, persons with diabetes and no DR had a lower risk to develop AD (adjusted HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.81-0.93), while persons with diabetes and DR had higher risk of AD (adjusted HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.08-1.43). When persons with diabetes and no DR were used as references, a higher risk of incident AD was observed in persons with DR (adjusted HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.18-1.53).
conclusionIndividuals with diabetes without DR were less likely to develop AD compared to persons without diabetes. However, individuals with DR had a 34% higher risk of incident AD, which raise the question whether screening for cognitive impairment should be done among individuals with DR.
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