ArticleAutism : the international journal of research and practice2022
Patterns in reporting and participant inclusion related to race and ethnicity in autism intervention literature: Data from a large-scale systematic review of evidence-based practices.
Article in Autism : the international journal of research and practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extent and Rigor of Cultural Adaptations in Social Communication Interventions for Autistic Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Stigma Experienced by People with Autism Spectrum Disorder Associated with Intellectual Disabilities and by Their Family Caregivers.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Pooled it
- The use of Language ENvironment Analysis in autism research: A systematic review.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2025Pooled it
- Post-diagnostic support for adults diagnosed with autism in adulthood in the UK: A systematic review with narrative synthesis.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2025Pooled it
- Examining the Efficacy of Culturally Responsive Interventions for Autistic Children and Their Families: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Improving Student Attitudes Toward Autistic Individuals: A Systematic Review.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Studies pertaining to language impairment in school-age autistic individuals underreport participant socio-demographics: A systematic review.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2023Pooled it
- Demographic reporting across a decade of neuroimaging: a systematic review.Brain imaging and behavior · 2022Pooled it
- A year in stuttering research: A systematic review of global representation and sociodemographic reporting practices in English-language journals in 2020.Journal of communication disordersPooled it
- Professional Development in Autism and Multilingualism for Behavior Analysts: A Randomized Waitlist Control Trial.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Trial
- Cultural Adaptation of RUBI Intervention with Korean Families (K-RUBI): A Mixed Method Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Trial
- Testing an Advocacy Program to Improve Service Access Among Latino Families of Autistic Youth: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Trial
- Addressing Common Problems in Autism Research: Cohort Development and Sample Description for a Participatory, Real-World, Longitudinal Study of Outcomes in Autistic Adults.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Article
- Who, What, and How? A Scoping Review of Early Intervention Research.Exceptional children · 2026Article
- Psychological and Emotional Well-being of Autistic Individuals with an Immigrant Background: Exploring Strengths and Challenges Through a Mixed-methods Systematic Review.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Review
- Experiences and Needs of Leaders Supporting Multilingual ABA Staff: A Qualitative Exploration.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Inclusion of Participants With Limited English Proficiency in Autism Research.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Review
- Therapy and Antidepressant Use in 8- to 29-Year-Old Autistic Medicaid Enrollees With Depression.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Article
- Understanding Autistic Adults' Psychological Experiences of Anxiety Problems: A Qualitative Interview Study.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Article
- "Do My Friends Only Like the School Me or the True Me?": School Belonging, Camouflaging, and Anxiety in Autistic Students.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
lay abstractResearchers who study autism-related interventions do a poor job reporting data related to the race and ethnicity of autistic individuals who participate in their studies, and of those who do report these data, the participants are overwhelmingly White. This is problematic for many reasons, as we know little about how interventions are meeting the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse populations, and we assume that interventions are effective for all when they have been developed and validated primarily with and for White children. This study examined the reporting patterns of autism intervention researchers whose work was included in a large-scale systematic review of the intervention literature published between 1990 and 2017. We found that only 25% of studies (out of 1,013 included in the review) included data related to the race and ethnicity of their participants, with minimal change in reporting patterns across the years. In studies with reported data, White participants had the highest rate of participation, with a large gap between the next highest rates of participation among Hispanic/Latino, Black, and Asian participants. Other race and ethnicity groups had very low representation. This study includes additional analyses which examine how the reporting patterns and the inclusion of racially and ethnically diverse participants varies across study types, interventions, and outcome areas. Reporting this data is merely a starting point to begin to address the many disparities in autism-related healthcare, education, and research practices, and this article includes broader implications and next steps to ensure the field becomes more equitable and inclusive.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.