ArticleJournal of substance abuse treatment2022
Beyond state scope of practice laws for advanced practitioners: Additional supervision requirements for buprenorphine prescribing.
Article in Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of State Office-Based Buprenorphine Treatment Laws Effective During 2022: Counseling, Dosage, and Visit Frequency Requirements.Substance use & addiction journal · 2024Pooled it
- Comparing Buprenorphine Treatment Outcomes Among Kentucky Medicaid Patients by Prescriber Specialty and Type.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Misalignment in South African midwife specialists' education and practice legal frameworks.Curationis · 2025Article
- Clinical pharmacist practitioners prescribing of buprenorphine for opioid use disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Buprenorphine prescribing practices for older adults in 2019 and 2020.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Observational
- Trends in the Prescribing of Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder, 2019-2023.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2024Article
- Differences in buprenorphine prescribing readiness among primary care professionals with and without X-waiver training in the US.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- National Trends in Buprenorphine Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder From 2007 to 2018.Substance abuse · 2023Observational
- Association of Selected State Policies and Requirements for Buprenorphine Treatment With Per Capita Months of Treatment.JAMA health forum · 2023Article
- Eliminate the buprenorphine DEA X waiver: Justification using a policy analysis approach.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2023Article
- Buprenorphine Utilization and Prescribing Among New Jersey Medicaid Beneficiaries After Adoption of Initiatives Designed to Improve Treatment Access.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Buprenorphine treatment episode duration, dosage, and concurrent prescribing of benzodiazepines and opioid analgesics: The effects of Medicaid prior authorization policies.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Laws for expanding access to medications for opioid use disorder: a legal analysis of 16 states & Washington D.C.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBuprenorphine is a life-saving medication for people with opioid use disorder (OUD). U.S. federal law allows advanced practice clinicians (APCs), such as nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs), to obtain a federal waiver to prescribe buprenorphine in office-based practices. However, states regulate APCs' scope of practice (SOP) variously, including requirements for physician supervision. States may also have laws entirely banning NP/PA buprenorphine prescribing or requiring that supervising physicians have a federal waiver to prescribe buprenorphine. We sought to identify prevalence of state laws other than SOP laws that either 1) prohibit NP/PA buprenorphine prescribing entirely, or 2) require supervision by a federally waivered physician.
methodsWe searched for state statutes and regulations in all 50 states and Washington D.C. regulating prescribing of buprenorphine for OUD by APCs during summer 2021. We excluded general scope of practice laws, laws only applicable to Medicaid-funded clinicians, laws not applicable to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, and laws only applicable to NPs/PAs serving licensed SUD treatment facilities. We then conducted content analysis.
resultsOne state prohibits all APCs from prescribing buprenorphine for OUD, even though the state's general SOP laws permit APC buprenorphine prescribing. Five states require PA supervision by a federally waivered physician. Three states require NP supervision by a federally waivered physician.
conclusionsAside from general scope of practice laws, several states have created laws explicitly regulating buprenorphine prescribing by APCs outside of licensed state SUD facilities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.