ReviewImplementation science : IS2022
Conceptualizing outcomes for use with the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR): the CFIR Outcomes Addendum.
Review in Implementation science : IS, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 498 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Novel Approach to Endometriosis Treatment: Piloting an Interdisciplinary Group Care Model
Protocol for Inpatient Nursing Frailty Assessment (INFA): Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and Multidisciplinary Intervention for Frail Hospitalised Older Adults
Early Identification and Intervention Of Developmental Delay Among Infants And Toddlers With Sickle Cell Disease Using the Sickle Cell Caregiver Collaboration for Child Development (SCCCD) Intervention
Multimodal Telerehabilitation in Patients Undergoing CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy
Barriers and Facilitators to Nursing Record With AI Technology Application: A Mixed Methods Study Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research
Who cites it
498 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Fan Therapy for Alleviating Dyspnea in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical nursing · 2026Pooled it
- Financial incentives for smoking cessation among (expectant) parents: a systematic review of facilitators and barriers to implementation.Tobacco control · 2026Pooled it
- Determinants of fall prevention implementation among older adults with dementia or cognitive impairment: a systematic review of recent evidence from 2021 to March 2026.BMC geriatrics · 2026Pooled it
- The Implementation of a Business Process Model and Notation for Modeling Patient Health Care Trajectories: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Contextual factors influencing the integration of physical activity policy, systems, and environmental interventions in the cooperative extension system: a systematic review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Pooled it
- Mobile Cancer Screening Programs: A Systematic Review of Implementation Challenges and Population Access.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Pooled it
- Food Service Professionals' Perspectives on the Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Nutrition Standards for School Food: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review.The Journal of school health · 2026Pooled it
- Barriers to and Facilitators of Implementation of Internet-Delivered Therapist-Guided Therapy in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services: Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Optimising adherence to inpatient rehabilitation trial protocols: A mixed-methods systematic review.Clinical trials (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- A multi-site study of implementing a school-based health promotion intervention in Sweden - changes in readiness and implementation outcomes.BMC public health · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Contextual factors related to ventilator mode during an embedded randomized trial: a longitudinal survey of clinicians.BMC health services research · 2026Trial
- Process evaluation of F@ce 2.0, a team-based, person-centred intervention for rehabilitation after stroke supported by ICT.BMC health services research · 2026Trial
- Nurse-led geriatric syndrome screening and intervention program for frail older inpatients in Singapore: a study protocol on implementation research and program evaluation.BMC geriatrics · 2025Trial
- From acute care to chronic disease management: integrating physical exercise into hospital settings.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026Article
- Challenges when measuring person-centred dementia care in nursing homes: a discussion paper.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Review
- Community pharmacy transformation under universal health coverage: Implementation barriers, cultural determinants, and cross-national lessons from Japan's ongoing transition - A narrative review.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2026Review
- Stakeholders' perspectives on an autonomous brain MRI: An interview study.PEC innovation · 2026Article
- PRIME - A multilevel intervention for low back pain management in primary care: Protocol for an effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 1 cluster randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Implementing School-Associated Vaccination Events in Colorado Public Schools: A Statewide Survey of Nurses.The Journal of school health · 2026Article
438 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe challenges of implementing evidence-based innovations (EBIs) are widely recognized among practitioners and researchers. Context, broadly defined as everything outside the EBI, includes the dynamic and diverse array of forces working for or against implementation efforts. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) is one of the most widely used frameworks to guide assessment of contextual determinants of implementation. The original 2009 article invited critique in recognition for the need for the framework to evolve. As implementation science has matured, gaps in the CFIR have been identified and updates are needed. Our team is developing the CFIR 2.0 based on a literature review and follow-up survey with authors. We propose an Outcomes Addendum to the CFIR to address recommendations from these sources to include outcomes in the framework. MAIN TEXT: We conducted a literature review and surveyed corresponding authors of included articles to identify recommendations for the CFIR. There were recommendations to add both implementation and innovation outcomes from these sources. Based on these recommendations, we make conceptual distinctions between (1) anticipated implementation outcomes and actual implementation outcomes, (2) implementation outcomes and innovation outcomes, and (3) CFIR-based implementation determinants and innovation determinants.
conclusionAn Outcomes Addendum to the CFIR is proposed. Our goal is to offer clear conceptual distinctions between types of outcomes for use with the CFIR, and perhaps other determinant implementation frameworks as well. These distinctions can help bring clarity as researchers consider which outcomes are most appropriate to evaluate in their research. We hope that sharing this in advance will generate feedback and debate about the merits of our proposed addendum.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.