ArticleBiological trace element research2023
Comparative Analysis of Serum Zinc, Copper and Magnesium Level and Their Relations in Association with Severity and Mortality in SARS-CoV-2 Patients.
Article in Biological trace element research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association Between Antioxidants and COVID-19 Outcomes: a Systematic Review on Observational Studies.Biological trace element research · 2023Pooled it
- Circulating trace elements status in COVID-19 disease: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Serum zinc level independently predicts need for inpatient intubation among patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A prospective observational study.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2026Observational
- Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin D and Zinc on Viral Infection.Biological trace element research · 2025Review
- Review
- The underlying mechanism behind the different outcomes of COVID-19 in children and adults.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Exploring Micronutrient Dynamics in COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: Unraveling the Roles of Vitamin D, Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium and ALP.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2024Article
- Environmental pollutant risk factors for worse COVID-19 related clinical outcomes in predominately hispanic and latino populations.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Zinc Deficiency And sTNF-RII Are Associated With Worse COVID-19 Outcomes.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Observational
- COVID-19 and Comorbidities: What Has Been Unveiled by Metabolomics?Metabolites · 2024Review
- The nutritional roles of zinc for immune system and COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
- Association of Serum Complement C3 Levels with Severity and Mortality in COVID 19.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2023Article
- The concentrations of essential/toxic elements in serum of COVID-19 patients are not directly related to the severity of the disease.Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2023Article
- Association of iron-related biomarkers with severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients.Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2022Article
- Can iron, zinc, copper and selenium status be a prognostic determinant in COVID-19 patients?Environmental toxicology and pharmacology · 2022Review
- Immunomodulatory effects of zinc and its impact on COVID-19 severity.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- Magnesium-A More Important Role in CKD-MBD than We Thought.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Free Zinc as a Predictive Marker for COVID-19 Mortality Risk.Nutrients · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The deficiencies of trace elements and infectious diseases often coexist and exhibit complex interactions. Several trace elements such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and magnesium (Mg) have immunomodulatory functions and thus influence the susceptibility to the course and outcome of a variety of viral infections. So, this present study was aimed to study relations of trace metals in association with severity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 patients. A total of 150 individuals infected with COVID-19 and 50 healthy individuals were recruited. Cases were divided based on severity (mild, moderate and severe) and outcome (discharged or deceased). Serum Zn, Mg and Cu levels were analysed by direct colourimetric method. Both serum Cu and Zn levels were significantly decreased in cases when compared to those in controls (p < 0.005 and p < 0.0001). Serum magnesium levels although not significant were found to be slightly decreased in controls. On comparing the trace elements between the deceased and discharged cases, a significant difference was found between serum copper and zinc levels, but for magnesium, both groups have similar levels. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve results indicate that a serum Cu/Zn ratio along with the age of patient provides some reliable information on COVID-19 course and survival odds by yielding an AUC of 95.1% with a sensitivity of 93.8% and specificity of 89.8%. Therefore, we would like to emphasize that measuring the serum copper and zinc along with their ratio can be used as routine investigations for COVID-19 patients in proper identification and management of severe cases in upcoming new waves of COVID-19.
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