Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35063743›Full record

Observational studyInternational immunopharmacology2022

Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19: Potential role of RAGE, HMGB1, GFAP and COX-2 in disease severity.

Fabiolla Rocha Santos Passos, Luana Heimfarth, Brenda Souza Monteiro, Cristiane Bani Corrêa, Tatiana Rodrigues de Moura, Adriano Antunes de Souza Araújo, Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho, Lucindo José Quintans-Júnior, Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans

Open access · greenAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in International immunopharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. UltradilutedDiseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Fabiolla Rocha Santos PassosLaboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
Luana HeimfarthLaboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
Brenda Souza MonteiroLaboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
Cristiane Bani CorrêaHealth Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
Tatiana Rodrigues de MouraHealth Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
Adriano Antunes de Souza AraújoHealth Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
Paulo Ricardo Martins-FilhoHealth Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Investigative Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
Lucindo José Quintans-JúniorLaboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil. Electronic address: lucindo@academico.ufs.br.
Jullyana de Souza Siqueira QuintansLaboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil. Electronic address: jullyanas@academico.ufs.br.
Universidade Federal de Sergipe · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to the abnormal induction of cytokines and a dysregulated hyperinflammatory state that is implicated in disease severity and risk of death. There are several molecules present in blood associated with immune cellular response, inflammation, and oxidative stress that could be used as severity markers in respiratory viral infections such as COVID-19. However, there is a lack of clinical studies evaluating the role of oxidative stress-related molecules including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) in COVID-19 pathogenesis.

aimTo evaluate the role of oxidative stress-related molecules in COVID-19.

methodAn observational study with 93 Brazilian participants from September 2020 to April 2021, comprising 23 patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care unit (ICU), 19 outpatients with COVID-19 with mild to moderate symptoms, 17 individuals reporting a COVID-19 history, and 34 healthy controls. Blood samples were taken from all participants and western blot assay was used to determine the RAGE, HMGB1, GFAP, and COX-2 immunocontent.

resultsWe found that GFAP levels were higher in patients with severe or critical COVID-19 compared to outpatients (p = 0.030) and controls (p < 0.001). A significant increase in immunocontents of RAGE (p < 0.001) and HMGB1 (p < 0.001) were also found among patients admitted to the ICU compared to healthy controls, as well as an overexpression of the inducible COX-2 (p < 0.001). In addition, we found a moderate to strong correlation between RAGE, GFAP and HMGB1 proteins.

conclusionSARS-CoV-2 infection induces the upregulation of GFAP, RAGE, HMGB1, and COX-2 in patients with the most severe forms of COVID-19.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesChildCOVID-19Cyclooxygenase 2FemaleGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinHealthy VolunteersHMGB1 ProteinHumansInflammationMaleAGER protein, humanBiomarkersCyclooxygenase 2GFAP protein, humanGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinHMGB1 ProteinHMGB1 protein, humanPTGS2 protein, humanReceptor for Advanced Glycation End ProductsCOVID-19COX-2GFAPHMGB1Neurological dysfunctionRAGE

Identifiers

PMID35063743
PMCPMC8730710
OpenAlexW4205578410

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.