Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35062904›Full record

SynthesisBMC cancer2022

Statin use is associated with the reduction in hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver surgery.

Elias Khajeh, Arash Dooghaie Moghadam, Pegah Eslami, Sadeq Ali-Hasan-Al-Saegh, Ali Ramouz, Saeed Shafiei, Omid Ghamarnejad, Sepehr Abbasi Dezfouli, Christian Rupp, Christoph Springfeld and 4 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Review
  5. [Strategies of statins for the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Elias KhajehDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Arash Dooghaie MoghadamDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Pegah EslamiDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Sadeq Ali-Hasan-Al-SaeghDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Ali RamouzDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Saeed ShafieiDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Omid GhamarnejadDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Sepehr Abbasi DezfouliDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Christian RuppDepartment of Gastroenterology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Christoph SpringfeldLiver Cancer Center Heidelberg (LCCH), Heidelberg, Germany.
Carlos CarvalhoDigestive Unit, Clinical Oncology, Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Lisboa, Portugal.
Pascal ProbstDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Seyed Mostafa MousavizadehDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Arianeb MehrabiDivision of Liver Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. Arianeb.Mehrabi@med.uni-heidelberg.de.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6163-1525

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common form of cancer worldwide. Although surgical treatments have an acceptable cure rate, tumor recurrence is still a challenging issue. In this meta-analysis, we investigated whether statins prevent HCC recurrence following liver surgery.

methodsPubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane Central were searched. The Outcome of interest was the HCC recurrence after hepatic surgery. Pooled estimates were represented as hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) using a random-effects model. Summary effect measures are presented together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grades of Research, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

resultsThe literature search retrieved 1362 studies excluding duplicates. Nine retrospective studies including 44,219 patients (2243 in the statin group and 41,976 in the non-statin group) were included in the qualitative analysis. Patients who received statins had a lower rate of recurrence after liver surgery (HR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.44-0.63; p < 0.001). Moreover, Statins decreased the recurrence 1 year after surgery (OR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.16-0.47; P < 0.001), 3 years after surgery (OR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.15-0.33; P < 0.001), and 5 years after surgery (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.19-0.42; P < 0.001). The certainty of evidence for the outcomes was moderate.

conclusionStatins increase the disease-free survival of patients with HCC after liver surgery. These drugs seem to have chemoprevention effects that decrease the probability of HCC recurrence after liver transplantation or liver resection.

Indexed as

HepatectomyCarcinoma, HepatocellularDisease-Free SurvivalHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsLiver NeoplasmsNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalOdds RatioPostoperative PeriodProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHepatocellular carcinomaLiver resectionLiver transplantationMeta-analysisStatins

Identifiers

PMID35062904
PMCPMC8781082

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.