ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022
Characteristics associated with HIV and hepatitis C seroprevalence among sexual and injecting partners of HIV positive persons who inject drugs in Nairobi and coastal Kenya.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus in Kenya: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections and associated risk factors among pregnant women and key populations in Kenya: A multi-centre cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- A phylogenetic assessment of HIV-1 transmission trends among people who inject drugs from Coastal and Nairobi, Kenya.Virus evolution · 2024Article
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17 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundPersons who inject drugs (PWID) have higher HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) seroprevalence than the general population in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The seroprevalences of HIV and HCV are also higher in coastal Kenya than in Nairobi. Understanding drivers of regional HIV and HCV variation among PWID in Kenya may inform population-specific prevention interventions.
methodsUsing a cross-sectional study, we defined HIV and HCV seroprevalence among persons identified as sexual or injecting partners of HIV positive PWID in two regions of Kenya and used logistic regression to identify demographic and behavioral characteristics associated with higher seroprevalence.
resultsAmong 2386 partners, 469 (19.7%) tested HIV positive and 297(12.4%) tested HCV antibody positive. Partners on the Coast were more likely to live with HIV (seroprevalences: Coast = 23.8%, Nairobi = 17.1%; p < 0.001) and be HCV antibody positive (seroprevalences: Coast = 17.0%, Nairobi = 8.6%; p < 0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, and years injecting and accounting for clustering by site, the higher prevalence of both diseases in the Coast remained significant for HIV (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.13-2.51) but not for HCV (OR 1.72, 95% CI 0.84-3.74). Compared to those recruited in Nairobi, partners on the Coast were older (Coast = 35 years, Nairobi = 31 years; p < 0.001), more likely to be male (Coast = 77.6%, Nairobi = 61.7%; p < 0.001), to have paid (Coast = 59.2%, Nairobi = 32.8%; p < 0.001) or received (Coast = 44.2%, Nairobi 35.4%; p < 0.001) money for sex, or to have had sex with someone they knew to be HIV positive (Coast 22.0%, Nairobi 10.8%; p < 0.001). Partners who had injected for five or more years had 1.48 times greater odds (95% CI 1.20-1.82) of living with HIV compared to partners who injected less than 5 years and more than twice the odds of HCV (95% CI 1.84-4.11).
conclusionHIV and HCV seroprevalence among sexual and injecting partners of PWID was, respectively, 5 times and > 12 times greater than is reported among the general population in Kenya (4% and < 1%, respectively). Providing resources and education will be crucial to reduce exposure and to maintain the lower needle and equipment sharing that we observed compared to other studies.
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