ArticleViruses2021
Inhibitory Effect of IL-1β on HBV and HDV Replication and HBs Antigen-Dependent Modulation of Its Secretion by Macrophages.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Liver Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Viral Hepatitis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Monocyte-derived IL-1β predicts and promotes HBsAg decline in chronic hepatitis B patients under nucleoside analogue therapy.Hepatology communications · 2026Article
- Macrophage makeover extreme viral edition: mechanisms of immune subversion and therapeutic perspectives.The Journal of general virology · 2026Review
- The role of liver macrophages in viral liver pathogenesis.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2025Review
- Tryptophan metabolic reprogramming modulates cytokine networks in nucleos(t)ide analogue-treated chronic hepatitis B patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Interleukin-1β promotes human metapneumovirus replication via activating the cGAS-STING pathway.Virus research · 2024Review
- Multifunctional roles of inflammation and its causative factors in primary liver cancer: A literature review.World journal of hepatology · 2023Review
- The Role of Interleukins in HBV Infection: A Narrative Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Co-infection with the hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) leads to the most aggressive form of viral hepatitis. Using in vitro infection models, we confirmed that IL-1β, a crucial innate immune molecule for pathogen control, was very potent against HBV from different genotypes. Additionally, we demonstrated for the first time a strong and rapid antiviral effect induced by very low doses of IL-1β against HDV. In parallel, using co-culture assays, we demonstrated that monocytes exposed to HBV, and in particular to HBsAg, during differentiation into pro-inflammatory macrophages secreted less IL-1β. Altogether, our data emphasize the importance of developing combined antiviral strategies that would, for instance, reduce the secretion of HBsAg and stimulate the immune system to produce endogenous IL-1β efficient against both HBV and HDV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.