ArticlePloS one
A national survey to assess breast cancer awareness among the female university students of Pakistan.
Article in PloS one. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Teach back educational strategy on knowledge about breast cancer among low health literate women.BMC medical education · 2024Trial
- Breast Cancer Knowledge and Screening Barriers Among Female University Students of Pakistan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Breast Cancer Knowledge and Preventive Practice Among Graduate Students: A Scoping Review.Cancers · 2026Review
- Women's and men's perspectives on breast cancer in Türkiye: strategies to improve screening participation-a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Navigating pressure: Understanding mental health and help-seeking among female university students in Pakistan.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of breast self-examination among female university students in three Arab countries: a multi-center cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association of anthropometric indices with rs9939609Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- Awareness of breast cancer and perceived barriers to breast screening methods: a community based cross-sectional study among women in Yemen.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Video based educational intervention in waiting area to improve awareness about health screening among patients visiting family medicine clinics.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Article
- Perceptions and Behaviors Regarding Early Screening and Breast-Related Complaints Among Saudi Women.Cureus · 2024Article
- Assessment of breast cancer awareness among female pharmacy students at a university in Turkey.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- The interplay of PTEN and AKT nexus in breast cancer: a molecular perspective.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Evaluation of a pre-post quasi-experimental educational intervention on breast cancer awareness among pharmacy professionals in Karachi, Pakistan.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- What makes women receptive to breast self-examination, animation, or simulation? - a comparative study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Validation of cost-effective model for breast self-examination.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Breast Cancer Awareness Among Medical Students, University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2023Article
- Structural equation modeling analysis of determinants of barriers to breast self-examination among Eastern Chinese women.PloS one · 2023Article
- Breast Self-Examination Knowledge and its Determinants among Female Students at Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study.BioMed research international · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer is increasing in Pakistan as well as globally. Awareness of women about breast cancer plays a cornerstone role in its early detection, better management, and prevention. Keeping this in mind, a cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the awareness of female university students about breast cancer's risk factors, signs and symptoms, and breast cancer examination. The data was collected from female university students studying in Pakistan. A total of 774 participants completed the survey and recorded their responses on an online pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. Only 29.8% of the participants have identified breast cancer history in their first-degree relatives as a risk factor. Moreover, 14.1% of the participant considered that the use of oral contraceptives for more than 5 years can increase the risk of developing breast cancer. In addition, inward pulled nipple, wounds around the nipple, and abrupt changes in the breast size were considered as the sign and symptoms of breast cancer by 25.2%, 25.7%, and 31.7% of the participants, respectively. Moreover, only 20.9% of the participants identified the correct year for starting breast cancer examination and 44.4% of the respondents marked that mammography should be initiated after 40 years. Overall, the university female students of Pakistan were poorly aware of breast cancer's risk factors, signs and symptoms, and breast examination. This study has highlighted the need for initiation of aggressive strategies regarding breast cancer awareness in both the literate and illiterate female population of Pakistan.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.