ArticleFrontiers in physiology2021
Feeding Tolerance, Glucose Availability, and Whole-Body Total Carbohydrate and Fat Oxidation in Male Endurance and Ultra-Endurance Runners in Response to Prolonged Exercise, Consuming a Habitual Mixed Macronutrient Diet and Carbohydrate Feeding During Exercise.
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluating the Speed of Carbohydrate Supplement Absorption in an Athletic Population
The Need for Speed: Comparing the Speed of Glucose Absorption During Repeated Sprint Cycling
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic and critical review of measurement scales for evaluating gastrointestinal symptoms during exercise.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Sports Dietitians Australia and Ultra Sports Science Foundation Joint Position Statement: A Practitioner Guide to the Prevention and Management of Exercise-Associated Gastrointestinal Perturbations and Symptoms.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Guideline
- Use of Carbohydrate (CHO), Gluten-Free, and FODMAP-Free Diets to Prevent Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- The Effect of Gut-Training and Feeding-Challenge on Markers of Gastrointestinal Status in Response to Endurance Exercise: A Systematic Literature Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Pooled it
- The impact of (poly)phenol-rich sugarcane extract intervention on markers of gastrointestinal integrity and systemic inflammation in response to exertional-heat stress.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- Trial
- The Relationship Between Biomarkers of Exercise-Induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome and Exercise-Associated Gastrointestinal Symptoms.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comparative effects of a glucose-fructose bar, glucose-fructose hydrogel and maltodextrin gel on carbohydrate oxidation and sprint performance in Tier 2 athletes.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Carbohydrate Ingestion on Exercise Metabolism and Physical Performance.Endocrine reviews · 2026Review
- A U-shaped dose-response of carbohydrate-protein supplementation on rowing performance.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- The increase in core body temperature in response to exertional-heat stress can predict exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2024Article
- Effects of the Timing of Carbohydrate Intake on Metabolism and Performance in Soccer Players.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Carbohydrate knowledge, beliefs, and intended practices, of endurance athletes who report exercise-associated gastrointestinal symptoms.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Low carbohydrate high fat ketogenic diets on the exercise crossover point and glucose homeostasis.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- An exploratory study of the management strategies reported by endurance athletes with exercise-associated gastrointestinal symptoms.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Using metadata from previously published research, this investigation sought to explore: (1) whole-body total carbohydrate and fat oxidation rates of endurance (e.g., half and full marathon) and ultra-endurance runners during an incremental exercise test to volitional exhaustion and steady-state exercise while consuming a mixed macronutrient diet and consuming carbohydrate during steady-state running and (2) feeding tolerance and glucose availability while consuming different carbohydrate regimes during steady-state running. Competitively trained male endurance and ultra-endurance runners (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.