ArticleBMC medical imaging2022
Frequency and anatomic variability of the mandibular lingual foramina: a cone-beam CT study.
Article in BMC medical imaging, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Morphometric evaluation of the mandibular lingual foramen using cone-beam computed tomography: a retrospective study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Mapping the Mandibular Lingual Foramina for Safer Chin Surgery: CT Morphometry and Predictive Modeling.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- AI-Driven Risk Stratification of the Lingual Foramen: A CBCT-Based Prevalence and Morphological Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Lingual Foramen in the South Indian Population Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2024Article
- Measurement of Thickness at the Inferior Border of the Mandible Using Computed Tomography Images: A Retrospective Study including 300 Japanese Cases.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2023Article
- Morphometric Analysis of the Midline Mandibular Lingual Canal and Mandibular Lingual Foramina: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Evaluation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Lingual foramina on cone beam computed tomography: A retrospective radiographic study.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchArticle
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundTo evaluate the distribution of lingual foramina (LF) and their correlation with demographic characteristics and mandible width, shape, and bone thickness in Caucasian Italian patients subjected to cone-beam CT (CBCT).
methodsCBCTs were reviewed to assess the number of all LF, midline and lateral LF. We also assessed the relationship of the number of lateral LF with gender and mandibular width, shape, and bone thickness using the Chi Square test. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
resultsThree-hundred patients (180 males; age range: 21-87 years) were included. The highest frequency per patient was of 2 LF (97/300, 32.3%), followed by 3 (81/300, 27%) and 4 (53/300, 17.7%). No LF were observed in 2/300 patients (0.7%), while the highest number was of 8 LF in one patient. The highest frequency of midline LF per person was of 2 LF (57.3%, 172/300), while the highest number per person was 5 LF in one patient (0.3%). The highest frequency of midline LF located above and below the genial tubercle was of 1 in 197/300 patients (65.7%) and in 169/300 patients (56.3%), respectively. Concerning lateral LF, the highest frequencies were of 0 (113/300, 37.7%) and of 1 (112/300, 37.3%). We did not observe any significant difference of the number of midline and lateral LF based on gender (P = .438 and P = .195, respectively) or mandible width (P = .069 and P = .114, respectively). The mandible shape was normal in 188 cases, with facial constriction in 42, lingual constriction in 54, and hour glass constriction in 16. The mean bone thickness was 10.76 mm in the symphysis, 10.92 mm in the right hemiarches, and 10.68 in the left hemiarches. No significant differences in the distribution of LF were observed also based on mandibular shape and bone thickness (both with P > .05).
conclusionsWe have shown the high variability of number and anatomic distribution of LF in an Italian group of patients subjected to CBCT without reporting any association with gender and mandible width, shape, and bone thickness.
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