ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Zein-Based Nanoparticles as Oral Carriers for Insulin Delivery.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nanoparticle and microparticle-based systems for enhanced oral insulin delivery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Pooled it
- Encapsulation of Protein-Based Drug Carriers for Controlled Loading and Releasing Efficiency: A Review.The protein journal · 2026Review
- Unlocking the Functional Properties of Plant Proteins in Designing Food Formulations for Senior Adults.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Strategies for overcoming multiple barriers of oral administration of protein and peptide therapeutics.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- From Synthesis to Therapeutics: Bioactive-Coated Zein Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery.Biopolymers · 2026Review
- Tuning Corn Zein-Chitosan Biocomposites via Mild Alkaline Treatment: Structural and Physicochemical Property Insights.Polymers · 2025Article
- Zein-Based Nanocarriers: Advances in Oral Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Development and Characterization of Zein/Eudragit Composite Nanoparticles for Insulin Intranasal Delivery.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Exploring the potential of polymers: advancements in oral nanocarrier technology.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Transepithelial transport of nanoparticles in oral drug delivery: From the perspective of surface and holistic property modulation.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Review
- Oral Delivery of Liraglutide-Loaded Zein/Eudragit-Chitosan Nanoparticles Provides Pharmacokinetic and Glycemic Outcomes Comparable to Its Subcutaneous Injection in Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) for oral delivery of insulin.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- A Comprehensive Review on Prospects of Polymeric Nanoparticles for Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Receptors-Ligands,Recent patents on nanotechnology · 2024Review
- Zein nanoparticles as oral carrier for mometasone furoate delivery.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- FPharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Zein-based nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization, and pharmaceutical application.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Formulation, Characterisation and Evaluation of the Antihypertensive Peptides, Isoleucine-Proline-Proline and Leucine-Lysine-Proline in Chitosan Nanoparticles Coated with Zein for Oral Drug Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Zein/Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles for Ocular Mucosa Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Toxicity Assessment of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles upon Intravenous Injection in Mice: Implications for Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Zein, the major storage protein from corn, has a GRAS (Generally Regarded as Safe) status and may be easily transformed into nanoparticles, offering significant payloads for protein materials without affecting their stability. In this work, the capability of bare zein nanoparticles (mucoadhesive) and nanoparticles coated with poly(ethylene glycol) (mucus-permeating) was evaluated as oral carriers of insulin (I-NP and I-NP-PEG, respectively). Both nanocarriers displayed sizes of around 270 nm, insulin payloads close to 80 µg/mg and did not induce cytotoxic effects in Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cell lines. In
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.