ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Pharmacokinetics of Pullulan-Dexamethasone Conjugates in Retinal Drug Delivery.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Intravitreal Sustained Release of Dexamethasone from a Self-Healing Injectable Hydrogel: An In Vivo Safety and Release Study.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Smart Polymers-Based Therapeutics in Ophthalmology.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Microbial Polysaccharides as Functional Components of Packaging and Drug Delivery Applications.Polymers · 2024Review
- Potential of Pullulan-Based Polymeric Nanoparticles for Improving Drug Physicochemical Properties and Effectiveness.Polymers · 2024Review
- Amorphization of Low Soluble Drug with Amino Acids to Improve Its Therapeutic Efficacy: a State-of-Art-Review.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2023Review
- Next-generation nanomaterials: advancing ocular anti-inflammatory drug therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Self-Healing Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Sustained Release of Dexamethasone for Ocular Therapy.ACS polymers Au · 2023Article
- Lipid-DNA Nanoparticles as Drug-Delivery Vehicles for the Treatment of Retinal Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Recent achievements in nano-based technologies for ocular disease diagnosis and treatment, review and update.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
- A Microfluidic Eye Facsimile System to Examine the Migration of Stem-like Cells.Micromachines · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The treatment of retinal diseases by intravitreal injections requires frequent administration unless drug delivery systems with long retention and controlled release are used. In this work, we focused on pullulan (≈67 kDa) conjugates of dexamethasone as therapeutic systems for intravitreal administration. The pullulan-dexamethasone conjugates self-assemble into negatively charged nanoparticles (average size 326 ± 29 nm). Intravitreal injections of pullulan and pullulan-dexamethasone were safe in mouse, rat and rabbit eyes. Fluorescently labeled pullulan particles showed prolonged retention in the vitreous and they were almost completely eliminated via aqueous humor outflow. Pullulan conjugates also distributed to the retina via Müller glial cells when tested in ex vivo retina explants and in vivo. Pharmacokinetic simulations showed that pullulan-dexamethasone conjugates may release free and active dexamethasone in the vitreous humor for over 16 days, even though a large fraction of dexamethasone may be eliminated from the eye as bound pullulan-dexamethasone. We conclude that pullulan based drug conjugates are promising intravitreal drug delivery systems as they may reduce injection frequency and deliver drugs into the retinal cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.