ArticleMicroorganisms2022
Lactoferrin-Functionalized Noble Metal Nanoparticles as New Antivirals for HSV-2 Infection.
Article in Microorganisms, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting Pathogenic Infection and Virulence Genes of Enterococcus Faecalis Using Lactoferrin Bismuth Nano-form.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Mesoporous silica nanoparticle-mediated delivery of a synergistic 5-miRNA combination inhibits HSV-2 infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Beyond the Barrier: Epithelial Cells as Immune Sentinels in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Review
- Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Antiviral Efficacy against Enveloped Viruses: A Comprehensive Review.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2025Review
- Lactoferrin as a Versatile Agent in Nanoparticle Applications: From Therapeutics to Agriculture.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Early Transcriptional Changes in Feline Herpesvirus-1-Infected Crandell-Rees Feline Kidney Cells.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Review
- In Vitro Antiviral Activity ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Review
- The Multifaceted Roles of Bovine Lactoferrin: Molecular Structure, Isolation Methods, Analytical Characteristics, and Biological Properties.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2023Review
- Plant Cell-Engineered Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated to Quercetin Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-1 Entry.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Epigallocatechin Gallate-Modified Silver Nanoparticles Show Antiviral Activity against Herpes Simplex Type 1 and 2.Viruses · 2023Article
- Antiviral polysaccharide and antiviral peptide delivering nanomaterials for prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 caused COVID-19 and other viral diseases.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Review
- Lactoferrin as a Component of Pharmaceutical Preparations: An Experimental Focus.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- The Antimicrobial Bifunctional Camel Lactoferrin: In Silico and Molecular Dynamic Perspective.BioMed research international · 2023Article
- Functionalized Noble Metal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Herpesvirus Infection.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Anti-HSV Activity of Metallic Nanoparticles Functionalized with Sulfonates vs. Polyphenols.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Lactoferrin-Conjugated Nanoparticles as New Antivirals.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
(1) Background: Lactoferrin has been recognized as a potent inhibitor of human herpetic viruses, such as herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2). In this work, we tested if silver and gold nanoparticles modified with lactoferrin (LF-Ag/AuNPs) can become novel microbicides with additional adjuvant properties to treat genital herpes infection. (2) Methods: The antiviral and cytotoxic activities of LF-Ag/AuNPs were tested in human skin HaCaT and vaginal VK-2-E6/E7 keratinocytes. Viral titers and immune responses after treatment with LF-Ag/AuNPs were tested in murine vaginal HSV-2 infection. (3) Results: LF-Ag/AuNPs inhibited attachment and entry of HSV-2 in human keratinocytes much better than lactoferrin. Furthermore, pretreatment with LF-AgNPs led to protection from infection. Infected mice treated intravaginally with LF-Ag/AuNPs showed lower virus titers in the vaginal tissues and spinal cords in comparison to treatment with lactoferrin. Following treatment, vaginal tissues showed a significant increase in CD8+/granzyme B + T cells, NK cells and dendritic cells in comparison to NaCl-treated group. LF-Ag/AuNPs-treated animals also showed significantly better expression of IFN-γ, CXCL9, CXCL10, and IL-1β in the vaginal tissues. (4) Conclusions: Our findings show that LF-Ag/AuNPs could become effective novel antiviral microbicides with immune-stimulant properties to be applied upon the mucosal tissues.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.