ReviewPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021
HIV-Associated Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents: Evolving Epidemiology, Screening, Prevention and Management Strategies.
Review in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk and Protective Factors Associated With HIV-Related Mortality in Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A Model-Based Meta-Regression.JAMA pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Parallel use of low-complexity automated nucleic acid amplification tests on respiratory and stool samples with or without lateral flow lipoarabinomannan assays to detect pulmonary tuberculosis disease in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Clinical Outcomes in Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treated for Nonsevere Tuberculosis in the SHINE Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Sputum scarcity and respiratory sample availability among children with presumptive tuberculosis in high burden countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Characteristics and mortality of children living with HIV/TB coinfection in a tertiary hospital in a resource-limited setting.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Tuberculosis Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention Services for Children Living with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Multiregional Site Survey.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Article
- Post-tuberculosis lung disease: towards prevention, diagnosis, and care.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2025Review
- Patterns and Cofactors of Polyfunctional Mycobacteria-Specific T-Cell Response Restoration Following 6-Month Antiretroviral Treatment in Children With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- "Now that I took TPT, it's affecting my ART adherence, viral load, even my wellbeing in the community". Exploring acceptability and experience of Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment among adolescents living with HIV in Zimbabwe.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Neutrophil proteins as potential biomarkers for a sputum-based tuberculosis screening test.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Transiently boosting Vγ9+Vδ2+ γδ T cells early in Mtb coinfection of SIV-infected juvenile macaques does not improve Mtb host resistance.Infection and immunity · 2024Article
- Research on Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Asia: Data on Treatment Outcomes and Emerging Co-Morbidities from the TREAT Asia Network.Clinics in perinatology · 2024Review
- Transiently boosting Vγ9+Vδ2+ γδ T cells early in Mtb coinfection of SIV-infected juvenile macaques does not improve Mtb host resistance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Parallel use of low-complexity automated nucleic acid amplification tests on respiratory samples and stool with or without lateral flow lipoarabinomannan assays to detect pulmonary tuberculosis disease in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Review
- Clinical standards for drug-susceptible TB in children and adolescents.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2023Article
- Article
- The changing characteristics of a cohort of children and adolescents living with HIV at antiretroviral therapy initiation in Asia.PloS one · 2023Article
- Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents: Progress and Perseverance.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Magnitude and factors associated with post-tuberculosis lung disease in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Children and adolescents living with HIV continue to be impacted disproportionately by tuberculosis as compared to peers without HIV. HIV can impact TB screening and diagnosis by altering screening and diagnostic test performance and can complicate prevention and treatment strategies due to drug-drug interactions. Post-tuberculosis lung disease is an underappreciated phenomenon in children and adolescents, but is more commonly observed in children and adolescents with HIV-associated tuberculosis. This review presents new data related to HIV-associated TB in children and adolescents. Data on the epidemiology of HIV-associated TB suggests that an elevated risk of TB in children and adolescents with HIV persists even with broad implementation of ART. Recent guidance also indicates the need for new screening strategies for HIV-associated TB. There have been major advances in the availability of new antiretroviral medications and also TB prevention options for children, but these advances have come with additional questions surrounding drug-drug interactions and dosing in younger age groups. Finally, we review new approaches to manage post-TB lung disease in children living with HIV. Collectively, we present data on the rapidly evolving field of HIV-associated child tuberculosis. This evolution offers new management opportunities for children and adolescents living with HIV while also generating new questions for additional research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.