ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
The Effects of Heatwaves on Human Morbidity in Primary Care Settings: A Case-Crossover Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Impact of Climate Change on Health Services in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematised Review and Thematic Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- Heatwave Definition and Impact on Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Review.Public health reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Extreme heat and pediatric health in a warming world: a space-time stratified case-crossover investigation in Ontario, Canada.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- The feasibility of point-of-care testing for initial urinary liver fatty acid-binding protein to estimate severity in severe heatstroke.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Extreme Temperature Events in Kazakhstan and Their Impacts on Public Health and Energy Demand.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2025Article
- Extreme temperatures increase the risk of pediatric pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- The Impact of Heat Waves on Health Care Services in Low- or Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Systematic Review.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Warm-season temperatures and emergency department visits among children with health insurance.Environmental research, health : ERH · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study assesses the potential acute effects of heatwaves on human morbidities in primary care settings.
methodsWe performed a time-stratified case-crossover study to assess the acute effects of heatwaves on selected morbidities in primary care settings in Flanders, Belgium, between 2000 and 2015. We used conditional logistic regression models. We assessed the effect of heatwaves on the day of the event (lag 0) and X days earlier (lags 1 to X). The associations are presented as Incidence Density Ratios (IDR).
resultsWe included 22,344 events. Heatwaves are associated with increased heat-related morbidities such as heat stroke IDR 3.93 [2.94-5.26] at lag 0, dehydration IDR 3.93 [2.94-5.26] at lag 1, and orthostatic hypotension IDR 2.06 [1.37-3.10] at lag 1. For cardiovascular morbidities studied, there was only an increased risk of stroke at lag 3 IDR 1.45 [1.04-2.03]. There is no significant association with myocardial ischemia/infarction or arrhythmia. Heatwaves are associated with decreased respiratory infection risk. The IDR for upper respiratory infections is 0.82 [0.78-0.87] lag 1 and lower respiratory infections (LRI) is 0.82 [0.74-0.91] at lag 1. There was no significant effect modification by age or premorbid chronic disease (diabetes, hypertesnsion).
conclusionHeatwaves are associated with increased heat-related morbidities and decreased respiratory infection risk. The study of heatwaves' effects in primary care settings helps evaluate the impact of heatwaves on the general population. Primary care settings might be not suitable to study acute life-threatening morbidities.
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