ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
The Role of Estriol and Estrone in Keratoconic Stromal Sex Hormone Receptors.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vitro Assessment of Nintedanib in Keratoconus Corneal Stromal Microenvironment.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Hormonal Modulation of Keratoconus: A Systematic Review and Screening Strategy for At-Risk Populations.Ophthalmology science · 2026Review
- Sex Hormones and Keratoconus: In Search of the Link.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Investigating prolactin-induced protein and its role in modulating the metabolic state of the keratoconus microenvironment.Experimental eye research · 2025Review
- Article
- The Impact of Sex Hormones on Keratoconus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Chronic intermittent hypoxia modulates corneal fibrotic markers and inflammatory cytokine expression in a sex-dependent manner.Experimental eye research · 2025Article
- Exploring New Links Among Keratoconus, Hormonal Factors, and Medications: Insights From a Case-Control Study Utilizing the All of Us Database.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Identification of hub genes and molecular pathways in keratoconus by integrating bioinformatics and literature mining at the RNA level.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Ten-year incidence of keratoconus in relation to sex, age, and thyroid gland dysfunction: a nationwide population-based cohort study (2009-2018).Annals of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Effects of hypoxia in the diabetic corneal stroma microenvironment.Experimental eye research · 2024Article
- Estrogen dysregulation, intraocular pressure, and glaucoma risk.Experimental eye research · 2023Review
- Novel Correlation between TGF-β1/-β3 and Hormone Receptors in the Human Corneal Stroma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Genetic Correlations Among Corneal Biophysical Parameters and Anthropometric Traits.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- Potentiation of Sphingolipids and TGF-β in the human corneal stroma reveals intricate signaling pathway crosstalks.Experimental eye research · 2023Article
- Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus: Cellular Signaling Mechanisms.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Deoxythiosugars from Glycals.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Revealing the presence of tear extracellular vesicles in Keratoconus.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Evaluation of meibomian gland morphology and anterior segment parameters by Sirius topography systems in polycystic ovary syndrome.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Sex Hormones and Their Effects on Ocular Disorders and Pathophysiology: Current Aspects and Our Experience.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal thinning disease that manifests in puberty and worsens during pregnancy. KC onset and progression are attributed to diverse factors that include: environmental, genetics, and hormonal imbalances; however, the pathobiology remains elusive. This study aims to determine the role of corneal stroma sex hormone receptors in KC and their interplay with estrone (E1) and estriol (E3) using our established 3D in vitro model. Healthy cornea stromal cells (HCFs) and KC cornea stromal cells (HKCs), both male and female, were stimulated with various concentrations of E1 and E3. Significant changes were observed between cell types, as well as between males and females in the sex hormone receptors tested; androgen receptor (AR), progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) using Western blot analysis. E1 and E3 stimulations in HCF females showed AR, PR, and ERβ were significantly upregulated compared to HCF males. In contrast, ERα and ERβ had significantly higher expression in HKC's females than HKC's males. Our data suggest that the human cornea is a sex-dependent, hormone-responsive tissue that is significantly influenced by E1 and E3. Therefore, it is plausible that E1, E3, and sex hormone receptors are involved in the KC pathobiology, warranting further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.