ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Melatonin Promotes Antler Growth by Accelerating MT1-Mediated Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation and Inhibiting VEGF-Induced Degeneration of Chondrocytes.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin A Supplementation Induces AMFK Production to Promote Cartilage Proliferation and Antler Growth in Sika Deer.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Pain mediator NGF improves chondrocyte extracellular matrix synthesis via PI3K/AKT pathway.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals elongation and ossification characteristics of antlers.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- The spatio-temporal expression analysis of parathyroid hormone like hormone gene provides a new insight for bone growth of the antler tip tissue in sika deer.Animal bioscience · 2024Article
- Special Issue on "Pleiotropic Benefits of Melatonin: From Basic Mechanisms to Disease".International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of sika deer antler using PacBio and Illumina sequencing.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- PRDX2 Knockdown Inhibits Extracellular Matrix Synthesis of Chondrocytes by Inhibiting Wnt5a/YAP1/CTGF and Activating IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 Pathways in Deer Antler.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
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8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
The sika deer is one type of seasonal breeding animal, and the growth of its antler is affected by light signals. Melatonin (MLT) is a neuroendocrine hormone synthesized by the pineal gland and plays an important role in controlling the circadian rhythm. Although the MLT/MT1 (melatonin 1A receptor) signal has been identified during antler development, its physiological function remains almost unknown. The role of MLT on antler growth in vivo and in vitro is discussed in this paper. In vivo, MLT implantation was found to significantly increase the weight of antlers. The relative growth rate of antlers showed a remarkable increased trend as well. In vitro, the experiment showed MLT accelerated antler mesenchymal cell differentiation. Further, results revealed that MLT regulated the expression of Collage type II (Col2a) through the MT1 binding mediated transcription of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) in antler mesenchymal cells. In addition, treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promoted chondrocytes degeneration by downregulating the expression of Col2a and Sox9 (SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9). MLT effectively inhibited VEGF-induced degeneration of antler chondrocytes by inhibiting the Signal transducers and activators of transcription 5/Interleukin-6 (STAT5/IL-6) pathway and activating the AKT/CREB (Cyclin AMP response-element binding protein) pathway dependent on Sox9 expression. Together, our results indicate that MLT plays a vital role in the development of antler cartilage.
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