ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Role and Relevance of Cerebrospinal Fluid Cells in Diagnostics and Research: State-of-the-Art and Underutilized Opportunities.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- The critical role of the endogenous immune compartment after CAR T cell therapy in recurrent GBM.Cell · 2026Article
- Flow cytometric analysis of cerebrospinal fluid identifies patients with occult central nervous system involvement in relapsed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Revising the role of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis as a diagnostic criterion in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- RGS10 attenuates systemic immune dysregulation induced by chronic inflammatory stress.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Microscanner C3 for Automated Cell Counting in Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Lymphodepletion in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: A Focus on Brain Tumors.Brain tumor research and treatment · 2024Review
- Characterization and diagnosis spectrum of patients with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis.Infection · 2024Article
- The Diagnostic Dilemma of "The Great Imitator": Heart and Cerebral Involvement of Lupus Manifesting as Bilateral Upper and Lower Extremity Weakness.Case reports in rheumatology · 2023Article
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Cerebrospinal Fluid as an Advanced Form of Liquid Biopsy for Neurological Disorders.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Case Report: Treatment of Akinetic Mutism after Unilateral Anterior Cerebral Artery Infarction with Methylphenidate and Levodopa/Benserazide.Case reports in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has recently experienced a revival in diagnostics and research. However, little progress has been made regarding CSF cell analysis. For almost a century, CSF cell count and cytomorphological examination have been central diagnostic parameters, with CSF pleocytosis as a hallmark finding of neuroinflammation and cytology offering valuable clues regarding infectious, autoimmune, and malignant aetiologies. A great deal of information, however, remains unattended as modern immune phenotyping technologies have not yet been broadly incorporated into routine CSF analysis. This is a serious deficit considering the central role of CSF cells as effectors in central nervous system (CNS) immune defence and autoimmune CNS processes, and the diagnostic challenges posed by clinically overlapping infectious and immune-mediated CNS diseases. Here, we summarize historical, specimen-intrinsic, methodological, and technical issues determining the state-of-the-art diagnostics of CSF cells and outline future perspectives for this underutilized window into meningeal and CNS immunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.