ArticleBiomedicines2021
Galectin-9 Triggers Neutrophil-Mediated Anticancer Immunity.
Article in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interrogation of glioma immune microenvironment identifies a non-canonical role for microglial Galectin-9 in tumor cell adhesion and phagocytosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Galectins at the crossroads of tumor immunity, metabolism, and metastasis: mechanisms, therapeutic resistance, and translational opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cytokine Regulation and Oxidative Stress in Helicobacter Pylori-Associated Gastric Adenocarcinoma at Different Stages: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The heterogeneous roles of neutrophils in gastric cancer: scaffold or target?Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Review
- The regulating role of galectin-9 in immune cell populations.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Human neutrophil-like cells demonstrate antimicrobial responses to the chronic cyst form of Toxoplasma gondii.Parasite immunology · 2023Article
- Galectin-9 interacts with Vamp-3 to regulate cytokine secretion in dendritic cells.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Correlation between the Chemiluminescent Activity of Neutrophilic Granulocytes and the Lipid Peroxidation-Antioxidant Defense System in Gastric Cancer Associated withBiomedicines · 2023Article
- Chimera and Tandem-Repeat Type Galectins: The New Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Galectin-9 Expression is Correlated to Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression and Overall Survival.OncoTargets and therapy · 2023Article
- Exploring the tumor micro-environment in primary and metastatic tumors of different ovarian cancer histotypes.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Trogocytosis in innate immunity to cancer is an intimate relationship with unexpected outcomes.iScience · 2022Article
- Neutrophils, Fast and Strong.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Targeting the CD47-SIRPα Innate Immune Checkpoint to Potentiate Antibody Therapy in Cancer by Neutrophils.Cancers · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In earlier studies, galectin-9 (Gal-9) was identified as a multifaceted player in both adaptive and innate immunity. Further, Gal-9 had direct cytotoxic and tumor-selective activity towards cancer cell lines of various origins. In the current study, we identified that treatment with Gal-9 triggered pronounced membrane alterations in cancer cells. Specifically, phosphatidyl serine (PS) was rapidly externalized, and the anti-phagocytic regulator, CD47, was downregulated within minutes. In line with this, treatment of mixed neutrophil/tumor cell cultures with Gal-9 triggered trogocytosis and augmented antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of cancer cells. Interestingly, this pro-trogocytic effect was also due to the Gal-9-mediated activation of neutrophils with upregulation of adhesion markers and mobilization of gelatinase, secretory, and specific granules. These activation events were accompanied by a decrease in cancer cell adhesion in mixed cultures of leukocytes and cancer cells. Further, prominent cytotoxicity was detected when leukocytes were mixed with pre-adhered cancer cells, which was abrogated when neutrophils were depleted. Taken together, Gal-9 treatment potently activated neutrophil-mediated anticancer immunity, resulting in the elimination of epithelial cancer cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.