ArticleBiomedicines2021
Effect of Gliadin Stimulation on HLA-DQ2.5 Gene Expression in Macrophages from Adult Celiac Disease Patients.
Article in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond gluten: the multifaceted regulation of MHC class II in celiac disease pathogenesis.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2025Review
- The Contribution of the Intestinal Microbiota to the Celiac Disease Pathogenesis along with the Effectiveness of Probiotic Therapy.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- mRNA Metabolism in Health and Disease.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Effects of CB2 Receptor Modulation on Macrophage Polarization in Pediatric Celiac Disease.Biomedicines · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CD) because they are involved in both inflammatory reaction and antigen presentation. We analyzed the expression of CD-associated HLA-DQ2.5 risk alleles on macrophages isolated by two cohorts of adult patients, from the U.S. and Italy, at different stages of disease and with different genotypes. After isolating and differentiating macrophages from PBMC, we assessed the HLA genotype and quantified the HLA-DQ2.5 mRNAs by qPCR, before and after gliadin stimulation. The results confirmed the differences in expression between DQA1*05:01 and DQB1*02:01 predisposing alleles and the non-CD associated alleles, as previously shown on other types of APCs. The gliadin challenge confirmed the differentiation of macrophages toward a proinflammatory phenotype, but above all, it triggered an increase of DQA1*05:01 mRNA, as well as a decrease of the DQB1*02:01 transcript. Furthermore, we observed a decrease in the DRB1 genes expression and a downregulation of the CIITA transactivator. In conclusion, our findings provide new evidences on the non-coordinated regulation of celiac disease DQ2.5 risk genes and support the hypothesis that gliadin could interfere in the three-dimensional arrangement of chromatin at the HLA locus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.