ReviewBiomedicines2021
Restoring the Balance between Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: New Insights from Animal Models.
Review in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular mechanisms and risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in rheumatic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Emerging pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: from neuroimmune interactions to intercellular communication.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Degenerating intervertebral discs in the streptozotocin-high-fat diet model of type 2 diabetes show extensive inflammation.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Article
- Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Interleukins in Periodontitis: Molecular Roles, Immune Crosstalk, and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The transcriptome and secreted factors of the intervertebral discs in STZ-HFD Type 2 diabetic male mice reveal extensive inflammation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Development of Anti-Inflammatory Agents Utilizing DC-SIGN Mediated IL-10 Secretion in Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Disorders: Bridging Veterinary and Human Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Nitric oxide: Potential therapeutic target in Heat Stress-induced Multiple Organ Dysfunction.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- IL-10 and IL-6/IL-10 as predictive biomarkers for treatment response in non-infectious uveitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Decoding the Nonlinear Association Between Visceral Adiposity Index and All-Cause Mortality: The Mediating Role of White Blood Cells and Neutrophils.International journal of endocrinology · 2025Article
- Cumulative behavioral and metabolic determinants of health are associated with higher inflammation-related indices: insights from a cross-sectional study (NHANES 2005-2018).Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Effects and molecular mechanisms ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- The role of interleukin-37 and interleukin-38 in the development and remission of autism spectrum disorder: a comprehensive review of neuroinflammatory mechanisms and potential therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Effects of Resveratrol on Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC): A Comprehensive Review.Food science & nutrition · 2024Review
- Differences in IDO1Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Current status of immunological therapies for rheumatoid arthritis with a focus on antigen-specific therapeutic vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Dissecting specific Wnt components governing osteogenic differentiation potential by human periodontal ligament stem cells through interleukin-6.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Potential Anti-Rheumatoid Arthritis Activities and Mechanisms ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A lesion-selective albumin-CTLA4Ig as a safe and effective treatment for collagen-induced arthritis.Inflammation and regeneration · 2023Article
- Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Treatment Ameliorates Murine Model of Collagen-Induced Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune inflammatory diseases are examples of imbalances within the immune system (disrupted homeostasis) that arise from the effects of an accumulation of environmental and habitual insults over a lifetime, combined with genetic predispositions. This review compares current immunotherapies-(1) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and (2) Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (jakinibs)-to a newer approach-(3) therapeutic vaccines (using the LEAPS vaccine approach). The Ligand Epitope Antigen Presentation System (LEAPS) therapies are capable of inhibiting ongoing disease progression in animal models. Whereas DMARDs ablate or inhibit specific proinflammatory cytokines or cells and jakinibs inhibit the receptor activation cascade for expression of proinflammatory cytokines, the LEAPS therapeutic vaccines specifically modulate the ongoing antigen-specific, disease-driving, proinflammatory T memory cell responses. This decreases disease presentation and changes the cytokine conversation to decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-17, IL-1(α or β), IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α) while increasing the expression of regulatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β). This review refocuses the purpose of therapy for RA towards rebalancing the immune system rather than compromising specific components to stop disease. This review is intended to be thought provoking and look forward towards new therapeutic modalities rather than present a final definitive report.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.