ReviewHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Basic Empathy Scale: A Systematic Review and Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis.
Review in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cold hearts and dark minds: a systematic review and meta-analysis of empathy across dark triad personalities.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Person-centered care assessment tool with a focus on quality healthcare: a systematic review of psychometric properties.BMC psychology · 2024Pooled it
- Does Guilt Help or Hinder Gratitude? Personal Distress, Guilt Proneness, and Gender Differences in Adolescents.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Development of a Social Intelligence Test for Teenagers: A Pilot Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- The Moderating Effect of Sex on Autistic Trait Emotional Intelligence, Alexithymia, and Empathy.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Factors Influencing Emergency Empathy Towards Patients and Their Relatives: A National Survey Study in Türkiye.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The CarerQol Instrument: A Systematic Review, Validity Analysis, and Generalization Reliability Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Basic Empathy Scale (BES) has been internationally used to measure empathy. A systematic review including 74 articles that implement the instrument since its development in 2006 was carried out. Moreover, an evidence validity analysis and a reliability generalization meta-analysis were performed to examine if the scale presented the appropriate values to justify its application. Results from the systematic review showed that the use of the BES is increasing, although the research areas in which it is being implemented are currently being broadened. The validity analyses indicated that both the type of factor analysis and reliability are reported in validation studies much more than the consequences of testing are. Regarding the meta-analysis results, the mean of Cronbach's
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.