Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35051651›Full record

ArticleMolecular metabolism2022

A gene-diet interaction controlling relative intake of dietary carbohydrates and fats.

Nnamdi G Nelson, Lili Wu, Matthew T Maier, Diana Lam, Rachel Cheang, Diana Alba, Alyssa Huang, Drexel A Neumann, Tess Hill, Eirini Vagena and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Nnamdi G NelsonDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Lili WuDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Integrated Medicine, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
Matthew T MaierDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Diana LamDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Rachel CheangDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Diana AlbaDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Alyssa HuangDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Drexel A NeumannDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Tess HillDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Eirini VagenaDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Gregory S BarshDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Marisa W MedinaDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Ronald M KraussDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Suneil K KoliwadDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Electronic address: Suneil.Koliwad@ucsf.edu.
Allison W XuDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Electronic address: Allison.Xu@ucsf.edu.
University of California, San Francisco · USStanford University · US

Funding

UCSF Liver Core CenterP30DK026743 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Holger Willenbring · 1986 to 2026
$30.7M
Pharmacogenomics and Risk of Cardiovascular DiseaseU01HL069757 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIF-LAWRENC BERKELEY LAB · PI KRAUSS, RONALD M · 2001 to 2009
$24.7M
Research BaseP30DK063720 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KRUMMEL, MATTHEW F · 2003 to 2019
$21.8M
UCSF Nutrition Obesity Research CenterP30DK098722 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHRISTIAN VAISSE · 2015 to 2026
$14.6M
PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES AND PHARMACOGENOMICST32GM007175 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI AHITUV, NADAV, KROETZ, DEANNA L · 1985 to 2021
$7.1M
Hypothalamic PI3K Signaling in Regulation of Energy Balance & Glucose HomeostasisR01DK080427 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI XU, ALLISON W · 2008 to 2016
$3.1M
NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL069757NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK026743NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK063720NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK098722NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK080427NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007175
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePreference for dietary fat vs. carbohydrate varies markedly across free-living individuals. It is recognized that food choice is under genetic and physiological regulation, and that the central melanocortin system is involved. However, how genetic and dietary factors interact to regulate relative macronutrient intake is not well understood.

methodsWe investigated how the choice for food rich in carbohydrate vs. fat is influenced by dietary cholesterol availability and agouti-related protein (AGRP), the orexigenic component of the central melanocortin system. We assessed how macronutrient intake and different metabolic parameters correlate with plasma AGRP in a cohort of obese humans. We also examined how both dietary cholesterol levels and inhibiting de novo cholesterol synthesis affect carbohydrate and fat intake in mice, and how dietary cholesterol deficiency during the postnatal period impacts macronutrient intake patterns in adulthood.

resultsIn obese human subjects, plasma levels of AGRP correlated inversely with consumption of carbohydrates over fats. Moreover, AgRP-deficient mice preferred to consume more calories from carbohydrates than fats, more so when each diet lacked cholesterol. Intriguingly, inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis (simvastatin) promoted carbohydrate intake at the expense of fat without altering total caloric consumption, an effect that was remarkably absent in AgRP-deficient mice. Finally, feeding lactating C57BL/6 dams and pups a cholesterol-free diet prior to weaning led the offspring to prefer fats over carbohydrates as adults, indicating that altered cholesterol metabolism early in life programs adaptive changes to macronutrient intake.

conclusionsTogether, our study illustrates a specific gene-diet interaction in modulating food choice.

Indexed as

Cholesterol, DietaryDietary CarbohydratesAdultAgouti-Related ProteinAnimalsDietFemaleHumansLactationMelanocortinsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLObesityAgouti-Related ProteinCholesterol, DietaryDietary CarbohydratesMelanocortinsAgRPCholesterolDietary preferenceSimvastatin

Identifiers

PMID35051651
PMCPMC9710720
OpenAlexW4205825115

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.