ArticleMaternal & child nutrition2022
Malnutrition matters: Association of stunting and underweight with early childhood development indicators in Nepal.
Article in Maternal & child nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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20 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of an integrated parenting and nutrition intervention on growth and development in stunted children at 24 months: evidence from the Stepping Stones programme in rural India.BMJ global health · 2026Trial
- Food Poverty and Early Childhood Development Across Food Insecurity Levels in Brazil.Maternal & child nutrition · 2026Article
- Effects of exposure to ethinyl estradiol during pregnancy and lactation on the postinvolution mammary gland.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Article
- Bridging the gap in pediatric nutrition: a narrative review of nutritional support strategies and their impact on child health inequalities.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Validation of the Child Development Card (KKA) as a growth and development tool for stunted and normal children in West Java, Indonesia.Global health action · 2025Article
- Perinatal and Childhood Risk Factors of Adverse Early Childhood Developmental Outcomes: A Systematic Review Using a Socioecological Model.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Growth and Development Status of Children Post-COVID-19 Infection: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study.Asian/Pacific Island nursing journal · 2025Article
- Co-occurrence and associated factors of developmental delay, functional disability, and undernutrition in early childhood: evidence from 15 population-based surveys in sub-Saharan African countries.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Effects of disability on early childhood development in 3 to 4-year-old children in three South Asian countries: evidence from multiple indicators cluster surveys.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Association Between Family Planning and Early Childhood Development: Secondary Analysis of the 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Early childhood development and nutritional status in urban Ethiopia.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic determinants of early childhood development: evidence from Pakistan.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Healthy eating encouragement and socio-demographic factors associated with cognitive development among pre-schoolers: a cross-sectional evaluation in Nepal.European journal of public health · 2024Article
- An evolution of inequality of opportunity in the nutritional outcomes of under-five children in Malawi.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Examining the influence of child nutritional disorders on early childhood development in Bangladesh: insights from the multiple indicator cluster survey.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Early childhood development status and associated factors among preschool children attending routine well clinics in Temeke Municipal, Dar es Salaam-Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Developmental Coordination Disorder and Unhealthy Weight Status in Taiwanese Children: The Roles of Sex and Age.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic and education-based inequality in suspected developmental delays among Nepalese children: a subnational level assessment.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Malnutrition matters: Association of stunting and underweight with early childhood development indicators in Nepal.Maternal & child nutrition · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Malnutrition is a threat to optimal child development, with its occurrence during foetal and infancy stages associated with poor cognitive, motor and socio-emotional skills. However, information on the effects of various types of malnutrition on early childhood development (ECD) is limited in Nepal. To assess the association of stunting, wasting and underweight (three prominent forms of malnutrition) with the four domains of the ECD index (literacy-numeracy, physical, social-emotional and learning development) among children 36-59 months of age, we conducted an adjusted logistic regression using Nepal's national household Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2019 data set. The study sample consisted of children aged 36-59 months (n = 2871). Children were considered developmentally on track if they met criteria in each of the four ECD domains. Regarding ECD status of children 36-59 months old, 35% of children were not developmentally on track for the ECD index. The adjusted odds ratio indicated that stunting was associated with lower odds of not being developmentally on track according to the ECD index as well as the literacy-numeracy, physical and learning domains of the ECD index. Likewise, underweight was associated with lower odds of not being developmentally on track according to the ECD index, primarily for ECD domains of literacy-numeracy, physical and learning. Notably, no association between wasting and ECD indicators was observed. Children's nutrition status impacts child development outcomes. Adding ECD interventions, such as responsive and stimulating caregiving, within nutrition programmes among children who are stunted and underweight could improve child development outcomes.
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