ReviewBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Targeting Ocular Drug Delivery: An Examination of Local Anatomy and Current Approaches.
Review in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nanoformulations for Ocular Drug Delivery in Glaucoma: From Metal-Based Nanoparticles to Advanced Nanocarriers.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Iontophoresis Drug Delivery to the Macula of Lutein for Age Related Macular Degeneration.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Motion Compensation and Adaptive Force Control via iOCT-FBG Sensor Fusion for Robotic Subretinal Injection.IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles as therapeutic agents for retinal ganglion cell degeneration: current challenges and future prospects.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Insights into Tear Viscosity: A Study of 240 Volunteers.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Complications associated with subpalpebral lavage systems in upper and lower equine eyelids: A prospective, randomised study in 73 cases (2015-2024).Equine veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Mobile Laminar Airflow for Intravitreal Injections: Reducing Microbial Load at the Instrument Field.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Emerging Ocular Pathogen Resistance and Clinically Used Solutions: A Problem That Is More than Meets the Eye.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Recent advances and future challenges in nanosystems for ocular drug delivery.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Review
- Silver nanoparticles: a new frontier in ophthalmic innovation and treatment.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- From Tears to Toxins: Mapping Antibiotic Passage Through the Eye-Liver Axis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Zebrafish as a Model for Ocular Translational Research: From Retinal Repair to Regeneration.Cells · 2025Review
- A multimodal approach to smart and sustained drug delivery for corneal wound management: the GelPol nanoformulation.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Sustained long-term benefits of autologous subconjunctival platelet-rich plasma injections for severe dry eye disease.Regenerative medicine · 2025Article
- Controlled-Release of Dexamethasone via Light-Activated Implant for Potential Vocal Fold Scar Treatment.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Corneal Treatment, Repair, and Regeneration: Exosomes at Rescue.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Advancements in Ocular Therapy: A Review of Emerging Drug Delivery Approaches and Pharmaceutical Technologies.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Recent Advances in Nanomedicine for Ocular Fundus Neovascularization Disease Management.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Review
- Long-Acting Ocular Injectables: Are We Looking In The Right Direction?Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- How Advanced are Nanocarriers for Effective Subretinal Injection?International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ocular drug delivery remains the focus of much modern research. Primary routes of administration include the surface, the intravitreal space, the subretinal space, and the subconjunctival space, each with its own series of unique challenges, limitations, and advantages. Each of these approaches requires careful consideration of the local anatomy, physical barriers, and key cells as well as the interface between the anatomy and the drug or drug system being delivered. While least invasive, the topical route poses a challenge with the many physical barriers that prevent drug penetration into the eye; while injection into the intravitreal, subretinal, and subconjunctival spaces are direct and targeted but limited due to the many internal clearance mechanisms and potential for damage to the eye. Polymeric-based, sustained-release drug delivery systems have been identified as a potential solution to many of these challenges; however, the design and successful implementation of a sustained-release system that is well-tolerated, bioactive, biocompatible, and degradable remains, in many cases, only in the early stages. The drugs and biomaterials in question also require special attention as small chemical changes could result in vastly different outcomes. This paper explores the anatomy and key cells of these four primary drug delivery routes as well as the interface between drug and drug delivery systems and the anatomy, reviewing the recent developments and current state of research in each area. Finally, this paper also examines the frequently used drugs and biomaterials found in ocular drug delivery and summarizes the primary interactions observed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.