ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2022
Associations Between Residential Segregation and Incident Hypertension: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of co-ethnic exposure and cardiometabolic outcomes in racial and ethnic minoritized populations.Public health reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Hypertension Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Pooled it
- The relative importance of neighborhood environment features in explaining preeclampsia risk using machine learning.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Historical Redlining and Change in Blood Pressure: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- Neighborhood-Level Racial and Ethnic Residential Segregation and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Upstream Drivers of Poor Cardiovascular Health Among Black and White Americans.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Spatial Social Polarization and Cardiometabolic Disease Prevalence and Incidence: What Is the Role of the Neighborhood Environment?Journal of health and social behavior · 2026Article
- A Standard Measure of Structural Racism, Do We Have One? Can We Have One? A Narrative Review of Commonly Used Measures and Domains of Use.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- Residential segregation and cardiometabolic health of Asian immigrants living in Western countries: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Residential Racial Segregation, Socioeconomic Status, and Hypertension Risk in Black and White Americans: The REGARDS Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- School Segregation During Adolescence is Associated with Higher 30-Year Cardiovascular Risk of Black but not White Young Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Neighborhood Racial and Ethnic Segregation and Obesity: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- Everyday discrimination and subclinical indicators of stroke in midlife women.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Assessing Structural Racism Measures on Health Outcomes of Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders: A Scoping Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Associations Between Racial Residential Segregation and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy among Black women: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2025Article
- Racial Disparities in Hypertension-Related Hospital Mortality Among Adults in the United States.Cureus · 2025Article
- Getting to the Heart of the Matter: Exploring the Intersection of Cardiovascular Disease, Sex and Race and How Exercise, and Gut Microbiota Influence these Relationships.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Exposure to structural racism-related state laws is associated with worse cardiovascular health among US adults, BRFSS 2011 and 2013.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Racial Composition of Social Environments Over the Life Course Using the Pictorial Racial Composition Measure: Development and Validation Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Racialized Economic Segregation and Treatment and Outcomes of Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background Residential segregation, a geospatial manifestation of structural racism, is a fundamental driver of racial and ethnic health inequities, and longitudinal studies examining segregation's influence on cardiovascular health are limited. This study investigates the impact of segregation on hypertension in a multiracial and multiethnic cohort and explores whether neighborhood environment modifies this association. Methods and Results Leveraging data from a diverse cohort of adults recruited from 6 sites in the United States with 2 decades of follow-up, we used race- and ethnicity-stratified Cox models to examine the association between time-varying segregation with incident hypertension in 1937 adults free of hypertension at baseline. Participants were categorized as residing in segregated and nonsegregated neighborhoods using a spatial-weighted measure. We used a robust covariance matrix estimator to account for clustering within neighborhoods and assessed effect measure modification by neighborhood social or physical environment. Over an average follow-up of 7.35 years, 65.5% non-Hispanic Black, 48.1% Chinese, and 53.7% Hispanic participants developed hypertension. Net of confounders, Black and Hispanic residents in segregated neighborhoods were more likely to develop hypertension relative to residents in nonsegregated neighborhoods (Black residents: hazard ratio [HR], 1.33; 95% CI, 1.09-1.62; Hispanic residents: HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.04-1.70). Results were similar but not significant among Chinese residents (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.83-1.73). Among Black residents, neighborhood social environment significantly modified this association such that better social environment was associated with less pronounced impact of segregation on hypertension. Conclusions This study underscores the importance of continued investigations of groups affected by the health consequences of racial residential segregation while taking contextual neighborhood factors, such as social environment, into account.
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