Observational studyCancer medicine2022
Adiposity and breast, endometrial, and colorectal cancer risk in postmenopausal women: Quantification of the mediating effects of leptin, C-reactive protein, fasting insulin, and estradiol.
Observational study in Cancer medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of Adiponectin and Leptin in Colorectal Cancer and Adenoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Association of metabolic obesity phenotypes with risk of overall and site-specific cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.British journal of cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Senescent obesity signature in breast cancer: a paradigm of reverse cardio-oncology.European heart journal · 2026Review
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Obesity Related Cancers: What We Know So Far.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Blood-based obesity biomarkers and their relevance for disease risk.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Adiposity and cancer: epidemiology, mechanisms and future perspectives.Nature metabolism · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Tamoxifen induces PI3K activation in uterine cancer.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Gender and sex differences in colorectal cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- The correlation between obesity and the occurrence and development of breast cancer.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Temporal trends in cancer mortality attributable to high BMI in Asia: an age-period-cohort analysis based on GBD 1992-2021.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Biomarkers of inflammation and colorectal cancer risk.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Changes in anthropometry, adiposity, and inflammation in Black and White women engaged in intentional weight loss.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2024Article
- Association of the systemic inflammation and anthropometric measurements with cancer risk: a prospective study in MJ cohort.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Implications of receptor for advanced glycation end products for progression from obesity to diabetes and from diabetes to cancer.World journal of diabetes · 2023Review
- Active Estrogen-Succinate Metabolism Promotes Heme Accumulation and Increases the Proliferative and Invasive Potential of Endometrial Cancer Cells.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Longitudinal body mass index and cancer risk: a cohort study of 2.6 million Catalan adults.Nature communications · 2023Article
- A body shape index (ABSI) is associated inversely with post-menopausal progesterone-receptor-negative breast cancer risk in a large European cohort.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Metabolically defined body size and body shape phenotypes and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMechanisms underlying the adiposity-cancer relationship are incompletely understood. We quantified the mediating roles of C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, fasting insulin, and estradiol in the effect of adiposity on estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast, endometrial, and colorectal cancer risk in postmenopausal women.
methodsWe used a case-cohort study within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, analyzed as a cumulative sampling case-control study. The study included 188 breast cancer cases, 98 endometrial cancer cases, 193 colorectal cancer cases, and 285 controls. Interventional indirect and direct effects on the risk ratio (RR) scale were estimated using causal mediation analysis.
resultsFor breast cancer, the total effect RR for BMI ≥30 versus ≥18.5-<25 kg/m
conclusionLeptin, CRP, fasting insulin, and estradiol appear to mediate the effect of high BMI on cancer risk to different extents, with likely varying degrees of importance between cancers. These insights might be important in developing interventions to modify obesity-associated cancer risk in postmenopausal women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.