ArticleJournal of inflammation research2022
Time to Occurrence of Phlebitis After Continuous Infusion of Total Nutrient Admixture Through Peripheral Veins: An Experimental Animal Study.
Article in Journal of inflammation research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Intravenous Amiodarone-Induced Phlebitis: A Prospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Efficacy ofJournal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Progress in Research on the Mechanisms and Interventions of Phlebitis from the Perspective of Vascular Endothelial Cell and Signaling Pathway.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo study the limit time of phlebitis caused by continuous infusion of Kabiven
methodsWhite rabbits (n = 72) were randomly divided into three groups: group A (Normal saline), group B (Kabiven™ Pl), and group C (TNA). Blood was collected from the ear margin vein before administration and after three hours, four hours, five hours, and six hours of administration. CRP and TNF-ɑ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed on tissue samples taken from the insertion point of the indwelling needle, the tip of the indwelling needle, and 1 cm from the tip of the indwelling needle, closer to the heart, to analyze early pathological changes in blood vessels.
results(1) There were no visible inflammatory symptoms in groups A, B, or C within 6 hours. (2) Four hours after starting intravenous administration, the levels of inflammatory markers in groups B and C were higher than in group A, and (3) the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in groups B and C was more severe than in group A. (4) In all groups, the inflammatory reaction at the tip of the indwelling needle was more severe than at the other two sites.
conclusionWhen the emulsions TNA and Kabiven™ Pl are infused through a peripheral vein, (1) four hours may be considered as the maximum time for continuous intravenous infusion in the same vein before inflammatory changes become evident, and (2) systematic assessment of the tip of the indwelling needle should be considered for inclusion in the nursing plan for phlebitis monitorings.
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