ArticlePatient preference and adherence2022
Imagine to Remember: An Episodic Future Thinking Intervention to Improve Medication Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
Article in Patient preference and adherence, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship Between Delay Discounting and Clinical Diabetes Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Using episodic future thinking (or not?) to optimize decision-making.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Review
- Revolutionizing African healthcare: harnessing co-creation, patient empowerment, and future thinking for patient outcomes.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Intertemporal Decision-Making Ability in Patients with Chronic Diseases: A Concept Analysis.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Review
- A Design Framework for Microintervention Software Technology in Digital Health: Critical Interpretive Synthesis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Review
- Preferences and Adherence of People with Prediabetes for Disease Management and Treatment: A Systematic Review.Patient preference and adherence · 2023Review
- Delay discounting, probability discounting, and interdental cleaning frequency.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Putting prospection into practice: Methodological considerations in the use of episodic future thinking to reduce delay discounting and maladaptive health behaviors.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- Factors affecting treatment adherence among patients with hypertension based on the PRECEDE model: A cross-sectional study from a delay discounting perspective.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
- Perceptions and effectiveness of episodic future thinking as digital micro-interventions based on mobile health technology.Digital healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeMedication nonadherence is prevalent in diabetic populations, with "forgetting" a commonly cited reason. This issue of forgetfulness is due, in part, to a failure of prospective memory (PM). Episodic future thinking (EFT) has been shown to improve PM but has not been used to improve medication adherence. PATIENTS AND
methodsThe current study used a multiple baseline design (N = 4) to test the effects of EFT on medication non-adherence for four patients with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, with comorbid high blood pressure or high cholesterol. Medication adherence was objectively measured over 15 weeks using medication event monitoring systems.
resultsResults of visual analysis showed medication adherence was reliably improved, confirmed by mixed model analysis of variance (p < 0.001), with significant differences from baseline to treatment (Tau <0.05) for 3 of 4 participants. Improvements in two measures of PM (effect size (ES) = 0.73, 0.80) and delay discounting (ES = 1.20) were observed.
conclusionThis study provides a feasible way to improve medication adherence in patients with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.