ArticleScientific reports2022
A transcytotic transport mechanism across the tympanic membrane.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from halophiles: a comprehensive review.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Review
- Peptides rapidly transport antibiotic across the intact tympanic membrane to treat a middle ear infection.Drug delivery · 2025Article
- Molecular Modelling in Bioactive Peptide Discovery and Characterisation.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Peptide-Mediated Transport Across the Intact Tympanic Membrane Is Intracellular, with the Rate Determined by the Middle Ear Mucosal Epithelium.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Polyacrylamide/Gel-Based Self-Healing Artificial Tympanic Membrane for Drug Delivery of Otitis Treatment.Biomaterials research · 2024Article
- Overcoming barriers: a review on innovations in drug delivery to the middle and inner ear.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Drug treatments for middle ear diseases are currently delivered systemically, or locally after opening the impermeable tympanic membrane (TM). We previously used bacteriophage display to discover novel peptides that are actively transported across the intact TM, with a variety of transport rates. Peptide structures were analyzed for evidence regarding the mechanism for this unexpected transport, which was then tested by the application of chemical inhibitors. Primary sequences indicated that trans-TM peptides share one of two amino acid motifs. Secondary structures revealed that linear configurations associate with higher transport rates than coiled structures. Tertiary analysis indicated that the shared sequence motifs are prominently displayed at the free ends of rapidly transported peptide phage. The shared motifs were evaluated for similarity to known motifs. The highest probability matches were for protein motifs involved in transmembrane transport and exosomes. Overall, structural findings suggest that the shared motifs represent binding sequences. They also implicate transcytosis, a polarized cell transport mechanism consisting of endocytosis, transcellular transport, and exocytosis. Inhibitor studies indicated that macropinocytosis, retrograde transport through Golgi and exocytosis participate in transport across the TM, consistent with transcytosis. This process can be harnessed to noninvasively deliver therapeutics to the middle ear.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.