ReviewInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2022
Corneal Opacity: Cell Biological Determinants of the Transition From Transparency to Transient Haze to Scarring Fibrosis, and Resolution, After Injury.
Review in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07449000 (Topical Losartan as Treatment to Reduce Corneal Scarring Fibrosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Topical Losartan as Treatment to Reduce Corneal Scarring Fibrosis
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in Corneal Tissue Engineering: Comparative Performance of Bioengineered Grafts in Animal Models.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Topical losartan ophthalmic drops - a review of corneal wound healing and topical losartan for managing corneal haze and potential future indications.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Pooled it
- SPARC Promotes Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing Through β-catenin Nuclear Translocation and c-Met Activation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Targeting injury-induced transglutaminase-2 activity with a cementoin-SLPI fusion protein: a novel therapeutic strategy for alkali-induced corneal injury.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Emerging in vitro models of corneal stromal fibrosis: Toward human-relevant platforms for anti-scarring therapeutics.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Topical losartan to prevent stromal scarring during post-cross-linking infection in pediatric keratoconus: A case report.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2026Article
- Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors Improve Cornea Alkali Wound Healing.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Tannic Acid Achieves Rapid Scar-Free Corneal Healing by Chelating Excess Copper to Suppress Aberrant LOX-Mediated Fibrosis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- EMERGE patch, a novel electrogenic engineered material to enhance healing of severe corneal wounds.Biomaterials · 2026Article
- Long-Term Tolerability and Safety of AAV5-Id3 Gene Therapy to Eyes.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Morphological characteristics of acquired corneal sub-epithelium hypertrophy: a case series.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Targeted proteomic and bioinformatic investigation of extracellular matrix remodeling in hAEC-EV-mediated corneal repair.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Bioartificial human corneas generated by tissue engineering. A historical and technical review.Histology and histopathology · 2026Review
- Pathological Interplay of ROS With Myofibroblasts: An Impediment to Corneal Restitution.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2026Review
- cGAS-STING pathway-mediated inflammatory response and its role in corneal fibrosis mechanisms.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Article
- Effect of Periplaneta americana Extract on Corneal Fibrosis and Epithelial Healing After Rabbit Lamellar Keratectomy.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- A multimodal approach to smart and sustained drug delivery for corneal wound management: the GelPol nanoformulation.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Development of stromal corneal grafts using a novel decellularization method with sodium cocoyl glutamate onAnnals of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Therapeutic efficacy of BSA formulated hydrogels in corneal wound healing and epithelial cell regeneration: an ex vivo study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: To highlight the cellular, matrix, and hydration changes associated with opacity that occurs in the corneal stroma after injury. Methods: Review of the literature. Results: The regulated transition of keratocytes to corneal fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and of bone marrow-derived fibrocytes to myofibroblasts, is in large part modulated by transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) entry into the stroma after injury to the epithelial basement membrane (EBM) and/or Descemet's membrane. The composition, stoichiometry, and organization of the stromal extracellular matrix components and water is altered by corneal fibroblast and myofibroblast production of large amounts of collagen type I and other extracellular matrix components-resulting in varying levels of stromal opacity, depending on the intensity of the healing response. Regeneration of EBM and/or Descemet's membrane, and stromal cell production of non-EBM collagen type IV, reestablishes control of TGFβ entry and activity, and triggers TGFβ-dependent myofibroblast apoptosis. Eventually, corneal fibroblasts also disappear, and repopulating keratocytes reorganize the disordered extracellular matrix to reestablish transparency. Conclusions: Injuries to the cornea produce varying amounts of corneal opacity depending on the magnitude of cellular and molecular responses to injury. The EBM and Descemet's membrane are key regulators of stromal cellularity through their modulation of TGFβ. After injury to the cornea, depending on the severity of the insult, and possibly genetic factors, trace opacity to severe scarring fibrosis develops. Stromal cellularity, and the functions of different cell types, are the major determinants of the level of the stromal opacity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.