ArticleCancer science2022
Human papillomavirus vaccine effectiveness by age at first vaccination among Japanese women.
Article in Cancer science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programmes on community rates of HPV-related disease and harms from vaccination.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Human papillomavirus vaccine effectiveness by age at vaccination: A systematic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Pooled it
- Post-vaccination HPV prevalence, genotype distribution, and associated factors among vaccinated women in China: A cross-sectional study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Human papillomavirus vaccination status among university students in Southern Thailand: A cross-sectional study.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Preimmunization with Listeria-vectored cervical cancer vaccine candidate strains can establish specific T-cell immune memory and prevent tumorigenesis.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Human papillomavirus vaccine impact on invasive cervical cancer in Japan: Preliminary results from cancer statistics and the MINT study.Cancer science · 2023Article
- Human papillomavirus vaccine effectiveness by age at first vaccination among Japanese women.Cancer science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors at 20 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In Japan, the National Immunization Program against human papillomavirus (HPV) targets girls aged 12-16 years, and catch-up vaccination is recommended for young women up to age 26 years. Because HPV infection rates increase soon after sexual debut, we evaluated HPV vaccine effectiveness by age at first vaccination. Along with vaccination history, HPV genotyping results from 5795 women younger than 40 years diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2-3 (CIN2-3), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), or invasive cervical cancer were analyzed. The attribution of vaccine-targeted types HPV16 or HPV18 to CIN2-3/AIS was 47.0% for unvaccinated women (n = 4297), but 0.0%, 13.0%, 35.7%, and 39.6% for women vaccinated at ages 12-15 years (n = 36), 16-18 years (n = 23), 19-22 years (n = 14), and older than 22 years (n = 91), respectively, indicating the greater effectiveness of HPV vaccination among those initiating vaccination at age 18 years or younger (P < .001). This finding was supported by age at first sexual intercourse; among women with CIN2-3/AIS, only 9.2% were sexually active by age 14 years, but the percentage quickly increased to 47.2% by age 16 and 77.1% by age 18. Additionally, the HPV16/18 prevalence in CIN2-3/AIS was 0.0%, 12.5%, and 40.0% for women vaccinated before (n = 16), within 3 years (n = 8), and more than 3 years after (n = 15) first intercourse, respectively (P = .004). In conclusion, our data appear to support routine HPV vaccination for girls aged 12-14 years and catch-up vaccination for adolescents aged 18 years and younger in Japan.
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