ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2022
Paraneoplastic Autoimmune Neurological Syndromes and the Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.
Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibody-positive paraneoplastic neurological syndromes associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Neural-tumor interactions: bidirectional regulatory mechanisms and nervous system-targeted tumor therapeutic strategies.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Article
- Marked under-diagnosis of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome in small cell lung cancer: an analysis of real-world claims data.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Commentary: Immune-related intestinal pseudo-obstruction caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors: case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Cancer Therapy-Induced Encephalitis.Cancers · 2024Review
- Article
- Neurological Immune-Related Adverse Events Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Update on Neuro-ophthalmic Manifestations of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2024Review
- Lung Cancer Wherein Durvalumab Induced Both Anti-CRMP-5 Antibody-related Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Neurological Adverse Events.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2024Article
- Wound healing: insights into autoimmunity, ageing, and cancer ecosystems through inflammation and IL-6 modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Anti-γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor autoimmune encephalitis with syncope as the initial symptom: Case report and literature review.Open life sciences · 2024Article
- Management of Paraneoplastic Syndromes in the Era of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Current treatment options in oncology · 2024Review
- Review
- The role of neurologists in the era of cancer immunotherapy: Focus on CAR T-cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in oncologic therapies has led to a paradigm shift in cancer treatment. ICIs have increased the overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma, small-cell lung cancer, and many other tumor entities. Despite their clinical benefits, these novel cancer immunotherapies can induce neurological immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Such immune-mediated complications can manifest within the spectrum of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs). PNSs are rare immune-mediated complications of systemic cancers that can involve every aspect of the nervous system. The emergence of PNSs with ICI treatment opens further pathways to study the complex immunopathological interplay of cancer immunity, cross-reactive neurological autoimmune phenomena, and effects of ICIs on the immune system. ICI-induced PNSs comprise a diverse antibody repertoire and phenotypic spectrum with severe and life-threatening disease progression in some cases. Timely diagnosis and urgent interventions are pivotal for a favorable neurologic and oncologic outcome. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of cancer immunotherapy and the disruption of immune tolerance in PNSs and provides an overview of the most pertinent clinical manifestations and principles of diagnostic and therapeutic managements in light of the expected increase in PNSs due to the widespread use of ICIs in clinical practice. This review further discusses potential and evolving concepts of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of PNSs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.