ArticleClinical oral investigations2022
Changes in Th1/Th2-related cytokine expression in the saliva of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis before and after prednisone treatment.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of cytokine expressions in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Dynamic salivary cytokine profile of recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients in thalidomide maintenance treatment.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Trial
- Immune-related Plasma Proteins Associated with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Identified by Mendelian Randomization and Clinical Validation.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2026Article
- Prevalence profile perceived stress and impact on quality of life for recurrent aphthous ulcers: a cross-sectional epidemiological study in Egypt.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Crosstalk Between Keratinocytes and T Cells in Ulcerative Oral Mucosal Diseases: Mechanisms of Epithelial Dysfunction and Therapeutic Perspectives.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the changes of T helper cell (Th)1/Th2-related cytokine expression in the saliva of minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients before and after treatment with systemic prednisone.
methodsA total of 101 patients with RAS and 15 participants with normal oral mucosa as controls were enrolled in this study. The levels of cytokine expression in the whole unstimulated saliva were examined using a multiplex bead-based cytometric bead array before and after prednisone treatment at a starting dose of 15 mg/day.
resultsThe levels of salivary interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in RAS patients were significantly higher than those of the normal controls (all P < 0.001). Importantly, the levels of salivary IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in RAS patients were significantly decreased following prednisone treatment (all P < 0.001). Moreover, the IFN-γ to IL-4 ratio (mean: 26.9) was significantly (P < 0.001) decreased after treatment, which almost returned to normal (mean: 24.4; P > 0.05).
conclusionThis preliminary study demonstrates for the first time that prednisone exerts a significant therapeutic role against RAS through decreasing salivary cytokine levels and promoting a Th1/Th2 balance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Salivary cytokine profiles may provide a noninvasive, convenient, and effective approach to monitoring the course of RAS and may even be helpful to identify key pathogenic factors and potential mechanisms.
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